Flashcards
DNA Replication
Cards in this deck (14)
- 1The process of copying DNADNA Replication
- 2What structural features of the double helix are important for DNA replication?Double helix made of two DA strands built from nucleotides; adenine hydrogen bonds with thymine and guanine hydrogen bonds with cytosine; two DNA strands in double helix have antiparallel alignment
- 3DNA synthesized as one "complete" strandContinuous synthesis
- 4The strand synthesized continuouslyLeading strand
- 5DNA synthesized in piecesDiscontinuous synthesis
- 6The strand synthesized discontinuouslyLagging strand
- 7The pieces of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand are 1000-2000 nucleotides long and each contains an RNA primerOkazaki fragments
- 8Double-stranded DNA is half conserved following replication (half old, half new)Semiconservative model
- 9The "Y" shaped region of a DNA molecule that is being replicated; parental DNA strands have separated and new daughter strand being madeReplication fork
- 10Sequences essential to origin of replicationContains AT-rich region, DnaA box sequences, GATC methylation sites
- 11Order of events at origin of replicationDnaA proteins bind to each other and to box sequences which cause AT-rich region to separate; DnaA and DnaC proteins recruit DnaB, a helicase, to the origin, breaks H bonds between nitrogenous bases, creates single-stranded DNA; Single-stranded binding proteins bind to and stabilize ssDNA; DNA gyrase relieves "supercoiling" by making cuts in DNA backbone and then resealing the breaks; primase synthesizes an RNA primer using DNA as a template; DNA polymerase III adds dNTPs to the 3' end of the primer and elongates new DNA strand
- 12Enzyme that links together Okazaki fragments on DNA lagging strandDNA Ligase
- 13RNA Primers removed and replaced with dNTPs by this enzymeDNA Polymerase I
- 14Topoisomerase jobs (3)Pack DNA into cell and supercoil; relieve supercoiling ahead of replication forks; untangle new and old DNA
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- Biology Flashcards on DNA Replication, created by Kaitlyn McSweeney on 09/05/2017.
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- Kaitlyn McSweeney
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