Materials

Materials

1. Woods

   • Softwoods
     • Pine
     • Birch
     • Coniferous
   • Man-Made Woods
     • MDF
     • Plywood
     • Chipboard
   • Hardwoods
     • Oak
     • Mahogany
     • Deciduous

2. Metals

   • Ferrous
     • Magnetic
     • Iron
     • Steels
   • Non-Ferrous
     • Aluminiums
   • Alloys
     • Mixture of different materials

3. Plastics

   • Thermoplastics
     • Shaped more than once
   • Thermosetting Plastics
     • Shaped once
   • Sources
     • Plants
     • Animals
     • Insects
     • Trees
   • Synthetic
     • Chemically Manufactured

4. Smart Materials

   • Polymorph
     • Can be moulded
   • Thermochromic
     • React to changes in temperature
   • Photochromic
     • React to changes in light level
   • Smart Grease
     • Control movement
   • Nanomaterials
     • Lightweight replacement for metals

5. Ceramics

   • Clay
   • Sand

6. Definitions

   • strength is the ability of a material to withstand a force without breaking or bending
   • elasticity is the ability of a material to bend and then to return to its original shape and size
   • plasticity is the ability of a material to permanently change in shape
   • ductility is the ability of a material to deform, usually by stretching along its length
   • hardness is the ability of a material to resist wear, scratching and indentation
   • toughness is the ability of a material to withstand blows or sudden shocks without breaking
   • durability is the ability of a material to withstand wear, especially as a result of weathering
   • fusibility is the ability of a material to change into a liquid or molten state when heated to its melting point
   • conductivity is the ability of a material to conduct heat or electrical energy
   • malleability is the ability of a material to permanently deform in all directions without cracking