Mechanisms

Mechanisms

1. CHEM 2

   • Oxidation
   • Electrophillic addition
     • Reagents, HBr, BR2, H2SO4
       • Double bond to delta positive and bond breaks
         • Lone pair on other bit to C+
   • Elimination
     • Conditions, low temp, dilute hydroxide, water solvent
       • Reagents, :OH- to H next to C with halo on, bond to make double bond, halo breaks off
   • Nucleophillic substitution
     • Conditions - high temp, concentrated hydroxide, ethanol solvent
       • Reagents, NaOH, KCN, NH3
         • Lone pair to C and haloalkane breaks off

2. CHEM 4

   • Nucleophillic adition
     • Reagents - :CN- from KCN or H- from LiAlH4
       • Lone pair to C and double bond to O
         • O:- to H and OH bond breaks off or simply just O to H+
   • Esterification
     • catalyst - conc H2SO4 or HCl
   • Addition-elimination
     • Reagents - water, alcohol, ammonia, amine
       • Lone pair to C and double bond to O
         • O:- to bond and Cl breaks off
           • Cl:-, NH3, CH3NH2 to H ans H breaks off