programming

programming

1. logic structures

   • selection
     • Also called a decision, one of the three basic logic structures in computer programming
     • In a selection structure, a question is asked, and depending on the answer
       • the program takes one of two courses of action, after which the program moves on to the next event
   • sequence
     • One of the three basic logic structures in computer programming.
     • In a sequence structure, an action, or event, leads to the next ordered action in a predetermined order.
   • loop
     • computer programming, a loop is a sequence of instruction s that is continually repeated until a certain condition is reached.
     • Typically, a certain process is done, such as getting an item of data and changing it, and then some condition is checked such as whether a counter has reached a prescribed number.

2. variables

   • a variable is a value that can change, depending on conditions or on information passed to the program
   • Typically, a program consists of instruction s that tell the computer what to do and data that the program uses when it is running
   • Variable (computer science) In computer programming, a variable or scalar is a storage location (identified by a memory address) paired with an associated symbolic name (an identifier), which contains some known or unknown quantity of information referred to as a value

3. arrays

   • an array data structure, or simply an array, is a data structure consisting of a collection of elements (values or variables), each identified by at least one array index or key.
   • An array is stored so that the position of each element can be computed from its index tuple by a mathematical formula.
   • example
     • In programming, a series of objects all of which are the same size and type.
     • Each object in an array is called an array element.
       • For example, you could have an array of integers or an array of characters or an array of anything that has a defined data type

4. operators

   • relational
     • and, or ,not
   • an operator is a character that represents an action, as for example x is an arithmetic operator that represents multiplication.
   • logical
     • They allow a program to make a decision based on multiple conditions.
     • Each operand is considered a condition that can be evaluated to a true or false value.
     • Then the value of the conditions is used to determine the overall value of the op1 operator op2 or !op1 grouping.

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