1.1 system architecture V2

1.1 system architecture V2

1. processor

   • ''brains of the computer system''
   • it processes data
   • executes instructions
   • processor speed is measured in herts
   • fetch,decode,execute

2. MHz

   • 1MHz executes 1 M instructions per second
   • Used to measure processor speed

3. GHz

   • 1GHz executes 1B instructions per second
   • used to measure processor speed

4. embedded system

   • often known as firmware
   • ususally for special tasks
   • don't usually have an OS
   • essentially a computer in another device

5. clock speed

   • measured in Hertz
   • how many clock cycles a CPU can do per second
   • 1GHz can do 1,000,000,000 clock cycles per second

6. cache

   • very fast
   • takes up a small amount of memory on processor chip
   • works as an intermediary between the processor and the main memory
   • as programs are executing the cache holds commonly used instructions

7. core

   • each core executes instructions independently
   • processors can be multi core meaning more work gets done in the same amount of time

8. Hertz

   • used to measure processor speed

9. instruction

   • a single operation of a processor

10. execute

    • carry out

11. Register

    • A component for holding short term memory

12. CPU

    • Central Processing Unit
    • cache
    • ALU
    • Control unit

13. Arithmetic Logic Unit

    • Carries out arithmetic and logic problems
    • typically has access to input and output to the processor controller,main memory (RAM),and I/O devices

14. Busses

    • Inputs and outputs flow along a bus
    • Address bus,Data bus,or Local bus
    • Data connection between two or more devices connected to the computer

15. Control unit

    • Tells memory,ALU,and I/O devices how to respond to an instruction