THORAX

THORAX

1. Pleural Cavities

   • Common caudal limit
     • 17-18-8
   • L cranial limit
     • 1st rib
   • R cranial limit
     • cranial 1st rib
       • pleural cupulae

2. Lungs

   • Caudalventral limit
     • 16 - 6ICS
   • Left
     • L/R lobe
   • Right
     • L/R accessory lobes
       • cardiac notch

3. Recurrent laryngeal nn.

   • L AA
   • R subclav
   • bronchotracheal lymph nodes Roaring
   • From vagus

4. Heart

   • cranial margin sternum
   • 2-6 ICS
   • apex at point of elbow
   • sounds
     • PAM

5. Mediastinum

   • thin may rupture
     • L and R communication

6. Brachiocephalic trunk

   • subclavian
   • internal thoracic
   • superficial cervical
   • auxially