Long-Term Memory

Long-Term Memory

1. Encoding

   • Craik and Lockhart levels of processing
     • depth of processing strengthens memory trace
       • criticsed for circularity and not considering retrieval
         • relational and item specific processing
           • Mandler's dual process model

2. Stores and Systems

   • system holds stores and processes
     • ep/sem distinction problematic e.g. amnesia
       • procedural and declarative - amnesia

3. Implicit Memory

   • perceptual word frag
     • conceptual word assoc
       • emp evidence but questioned by b&b
         • TAP and MMS accounts
           • TAP: perc/conc importance
             • MMS: proc/dec importance
               • probs w/both
                 • another dual model - famil and context

4. Retrieval

   • ESP and TAP
     • ESP: cues, TAP: processes
   • emp evidence for each

5. Jacoby's Process Dissociation Framework

   • automatic retrieval vs conscious recollection
     • inclusion/exclusion test
       • full/divided
         • automatic unaffected by attentional load
           • conscious affected
             • recollection redundant for recall?

6. Remember & Know

   • Tulving word pairs
     • free recall = remember
       • diff variables so diff processes underlie r & k
         • Donaldson - response criteria
           • strongest mem = remember - so semantic weaker than ep?
             • Conway longi study
               • remember give way to know over time
                 • against Donaldson
                   • sem abstraction of ep