Population Dynamics

Population Dynamics

1. Global Population

   • 7.1 Billion People
   • Birthrate- Number of babies born alive for every 1000 people of the population in 1 year.
   • Deathrate- Number of people who die for every 1000 people of the population in one year
   • Natural increase- Birth Rate > Death Rate
     • Factors that affect natural increase
       • Famine
       • Government Policies
       • Money
       • Contraception
       • Developed/developing countries
       • Cost of living
       • Medicine

2. Population Growth

   • Populations grow the fastest in developing countries
     • In continents such as Africa
   • Japan
     • Low birthrate
       • Women put their careers first, rather than to have children and not work anymore.
       • Cost of a family- Children are expensive so people have fewer children to lower the costs
       • Average age that women have children is 30
     • Low death rate
       • Advances in medical technology means that people can live longer and survive illnesses that would've killed them
       • Vaccinations are given to children so they have a higher chance of surviving
       • Life expectancy is 85 for women and 79 for men
       • High demand for care homes and hospitals
   • Rwanda
     • High Birthrate
       • Catholics- don't believe in contraception
       • More people to work on farms to make money
     • High death rate
       • LIC- Food is expensive so most grow their own
       • War and conflict
       • Dieseases

3. Demographic Transition Model

4. Ageing/Youthful Populations

   • Japan
     • Japan has an ageing population because birthrate is low and the number of old people is high.
       • Reason why is that children are expensive and women won't have children because of their careers
     • Problems of an ageing population
       • Government has to spend a lot of money on pensions because there's so many above 65
       • Not enough workers
   • Mexico
     • Mexico has a youthful population because the birth rate is high, and there's not a lot of pensioners.
     • Problems of a youthful population
       • High taxes to pay because the government needs to spend it on education
       • No jobs because there's so many people
     • Reason why Mexico has a youthful population is that they don't use contraception because of religious reasons

5. Population Policies

   • China One Child Policy
     • Girls not wanted
     • Abandoned children
     • Men will out number women by 30 million by 2020
     • 7000 women forced to have an abortion or be sterilized
   • Singapore 3 or more policy
     • Large apartments
     • Puts pressure on healthcare for mothers and young children
     • Increase demand for schools
     • People to fill jobs
     • Policies increase taxes

6. Migration Policies

   • Open Door Policy
     • Anyone is allowed to stay in the country
     • Used by Britain after WW2 because the country was underpopulated
   • Points Based Policy
     • Controls people entering outside the EU with the system
     • Get points from having qualifications, job you have, money you have saved and your skills
     • Allows government to let in people that they want
     • Extra points are given to people that have a qualification that is in high demand in the UK

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