1_pH balance_1

1_pH balance_1

1. pH↓ = ↑[H+]

   • Buffers?
     • Carbonic acid/bicarbonate buffer (ECF and RBCs) CO2 + H2O←H2CO3 ← H+ + HCO3-
       • Plus: increase respiration rate to remove CO2
     • Haemoglobin Buffer (RBCs) HbO2 + H+ → Hb-H+ + O2
     • Protein Buffer (ICF and plasma)
     • Kidneys (ammonia buffer) - more H+ excreted in urine (slow to respond!)

2. pH ↑ = ↓ [H+]

   • Buffers?
     • Carbonic acid/bicarbonate buffer (ECF and RBCs) CO2 + H2O → H2CO3 → H+ + HCO3-
       • Plus: decreased respiration to retain CO2
     • Haemoglobin buffer (RBCs) HbO2 + H+ ← Hb-H+ + O2
     • Protein buffer (ICF and plasma)
     • Kidneys - retain more H+ in blood or remove more HCO3- (slow!)

3. Acidosis? (pH blood < 7.35)

   • Respiratory Acidosis
   • Metabolic acidosis

4. Alkalosis (pH blood > 7.45)

   • Respiratory Alkalosis
   • Metabolic Alkalosis

Images and files in the map