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Questions in this quiz (81)
1If photosynthesizing green algae are provided with CO₂ synthesized with heavy oxygen (¹⁸O), later analysis will show that all but one of the following compounds produced by the algae contain the ¹⁸O label. That one is
- A3-phosphoglycerate.
- Bglyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P).
- Cglucose.
- Dribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)
- EO₂
2Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle?
- ACO₂ and glucose
- BH₂O and O₂
- CADP, Pi, and NADP⁺
- Delectrons and H⁺
- EATP and NADPH
3Photosynthesis is not responsible for
- Aoxygen in the atmosphere.
- Bthe ozone layer.
- Cmost of the organic carbon on Earth's surface.
- Datmospheric CO₂.
- Efossil fuels.
4Where does the Calvin cycle take place?
- Astroma of the chloroplast
- Bthylakoid membrane
- Ccytoplasm surrounding the chloroplast
- Dinterior of the thylakoid (thylakoid space)
- Eouter membrane of the chloroplast
5In any ecosystem, terrestrial or aquatic, what group(s) is (are) always necessary?
- Aautotrophs and heterotrophs
- Bproducers and primary consumers
- Cphotosynthesizers
- Dautotrophs
- Egreen plants
6In autotrophic bacteria, where are the enzymes located that can carry on carbon fixation (reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrate)?
- Ain chloroplast membranes
- Bin chloroplast stroma
- Cin the cytosol
- Din the nucleoid
- Ein the infolded plasma membrane
7When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a direct by-product of
- Areducing NADP⁺.
- Bsplitting water molecules.
- Cchemiosmosis.
- Dthe electron transfer system of photosystem I.
- Ethe electron transfer system of photosystem II.
8A plant has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow. What wavelengths of visible light are being absorbed by this pigment?
- Ared and yellow
- Bblue and violet
- Cgreen and yellow
- Dblue, green, and red
- Egreen, blue, and yellow
9Halobacterium has a photosynthetic membrane that is colored purple. Its photosynthetic action spectrum is exactly complementary (opposite to) the action spectrum for green plants. What wavelengths of light do the Halobacterium photosynthetic pigments absorb?
- Ared and yellow
- Bblue, green, and red
- Cgreen and yellow
- Dred and green
- Eblue and red
10In the thylakoid membranes, what is the main role of the antenna pigment molecules?
- Asplit water and release oxygen to the reaction-center chlorophyll
- Bharvest photons and transfer light energy to the reaction-center chlorophyll
- Csynthesize ATP from ADP and Pi
- Dtransfer electrons to ferredoxin and then NADPH
- Econcentrate photons within the stroma
11Which of the events listed below occurs in the light reactions of photosynthesis?
- ANADP is produced.
- BNADPH is reduced to NADP⁺.
- CCarbon dioxide is incorporated into PGA.
- DATP is phosphorylated to yield ADP.
- ELight is absorbed and funneled to reaction-center chlorophyll a.
12Which statement describes the functioning of photosystem II?
- ALight energy excites electrons in the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain.
- BPhotons are passed along to a reaction-center chlorophyll.
- CThe P680 chlorophyll donates a pair of protons to NADP⁺, which is thus converted to NADPH.
- DThe electron vacancies in P680⁺ are filled by electrons derived from water.
- EThe splitting of water yields molecular carbon dioxide as a by-product.
13Which of the following are directly associated with photosystem I?
- Aharvesting of light energy by ATP
- Breceiving electrons from the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain
- Cgeneration of molecular oxygen
- Dextraction of hydrogen electrons from the splitting of water
- Epassing electrons to the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain
14Some photosynthetic organisms contain chloroplasts that lack photosystem II, yet are able to survive. The best way to detect the lack of photosystem II in these organisms would be
- Ato determine if they have thylakoids in the chloroplasts.
- Bto test for liberation of O₂ in the light.
- Cto test for CO₂ fixation in the dark.
- Dto do experiments to generate an action spectrum.
- Eto test for production of either sucrose or starch.
15What are the products of linear photophosphorylation?
- Aheat and fluorescence
- BATP and P700
- CATP and NADPH
- DADP and NADP
- EP700 and P680
16As a research scientist, you measure the amount of ATP and NADPH consumed by the Calvin cycle in 1 hour. You find 30,000 molecules of ATP consumed, but only 20,000 molecules of NADPH. Where did the extra ATP molecules come from?
- Aphotosystem II
- Bphotosystem I
- Ccyclic electron flow
- Dlinear electron flow
- Echlorophyll
17Assume a thylakoid is somehow punctured so that the interior of the thylakoid is no longer separated from the stroma. This damage will have the most direct effect on which of the following processes?
- Athe splitting of water
- Bthe absorption of light energy by chlorophyll
- Cthe flow of electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I
- Dthe synthesis of ATP
- Ethe reduction of NADP⁺
18What does the chemiosmotic process in chloroplasts involve?
- Aestablishment of a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane
- Bdiffusion of electrons through the thylakoid membrane
- Creduction of water to produce ATP energy
- Dmovement of water by osmosis into the thylakoid space from the stroma
- Eformation of glucose, using carbon dioxide, NADPH, and ATP
19Suppose the interior of the thylakoids of isolated chloroplasts were made acidic and then transferred in the dark to a pH 8 solution. What would be likely to happen?
- AThe isolated chloroplasts will make ATP.
- BThe Calvin cycle will be activated.
- CCyclic photophosphorylation will occur.
- DThe isolated chloroplasts will generate oxygen gas.
- EThe isolated chloroplasts will reduce NADP⁺ to NADPH.
20In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located?
- Athylakoid membrane only
- Bplasma membrane only
- Cinner mitochondrial membrane only
- Dthylakoid membrane and inner mitochondrial membrane
- Ethylakoid membrane and plasma membrane
21In mitochondria, chemiosmosis translocates protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space, whereas in chloroplasts, chemiosmosis translocates protons from
- Athe stroma to the photosystem II.
- Bthe matrix to the stroma.
- Cthe stroma to the thylakoid space.
- Dthe intermembrane space to the matrix.
- Ethe thylakoid space to the stroma.
22Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration?
- ARespiration runs the biochemical pathways of photosynthesis in reverse.
- BPhotosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules, whereas respiration releases it.
- CPhotosynthesis occurs only in plants and respiration occurs only in animals.
- DATP molecules are produced in photosynthesis and used up in respiration.
- ERespiration is anabolic and photosynthesis is catabolic.
23Where are the molecules of the electron transport chain found in plant cells?
- Athylakoid membranes of chloroplasts
- Bstroma of chloroplasts
- Couter membrane of mitochondria
- Dmatrix of mitochondria
- Ecytoplasm
24In photosynthetic cells, synthesis of ATP by the chemiosmotic mechanism occurs during
- Aphotosynthesis only.
- Brespiration only.
- Cboth photosynthesis and respiration.
- Dneither photosynthesis nor respiration.
- Ephotorespiration only.
25Reduction of oxygen to form water occurs during
- Aphotosynthesis only.
- Brespiration only.
- Cboth photosynthesis and respiration.
- Dneither photosynthesis nor respiration.
- Ephotorespiration only.
26Reduction of NADP⁺ occurs during
- Aphotosynthesis.
- Brespiration.
- Cboth photosynthesis and respiration.
- Dneither photosynthesis nor respiration.
- Ephotorespiration.
27The splitting of carbon dioxide to form oxygen gas and carbon compounds occurs during
- Aphotosynthesis.
- Brespiration.
- Cboth photosynthesis and respiration.
- Dneither photosynthesis nor respiration.
- Ephotorespiration.
28Generation of proton gradients across membranes occurs during
- Aphotosynthesis.
- Brespiration.
- Cboth photosynthesis and respiration.
- Dneither photosynthesis nor respiration.
- Ephotorespiration.
29What is the relationship between wavelength of light and the quantity of energy per photon?
- AThey have a direct, linear relationship.
- BThey are inversely related.
- CThey are logarithmically related.
- DThey are separate phenomena.
- EThey are only related in certain parts of the spectrum.
30P680⁺ is said to be the strongest biological oxidizing agent. Why?
- AIt is the receptor for the most excited electron in either photosystem.
- BIt is the molecule that transfers electrons to plastoquinone (Pq) of the electron transfer system.
- CIt transfers its electrons to reduce NADP⁺ to NADPH.
- DThis molecule has a stronger attraction for electrons than oxygen, to obtain electrons from water.
- EIt has a positive charge.
31Some photosynthetic bacteria (e.g., purple sulfur bacteria) have only photosystem I, whereas others (e.g., cyanobacteria) have both photosystem I and photosystem II. Which of the following might this observation imply?
- APhotosystem II was selected against in some species.
- BPhotosynthesis with only photosystem I is more ancestral.
- CPhotosystem II may have evolved to be more photoprotective.
- DLinear electron flow is more primitive than cyclic flow of electrons.
- ECyclic flow is more necessary than linear electron flow.
32electron flow may be photoprotective (protective to light-induced damage). Which of the following experiments could provide information on this phenomenon?
- Ause mutated organisms that can grow but that cannot carry out cyclic flow of electrons and compare their abilities to photosynthesize in different light intensities against those of wild-type organisms
- Buse plants that can carry out both linear and cyclic electron flow, or only one or another of these processes, and compare their light absorbance at different wavelengths and different light intensities
- Cuse bacteria that have only cyclic flow and look for their frequency of mutation damage at different light intensities
- Duse bacteria with only cyclic flow and measure the number and types of photosynthetic pigments they have in their membranes
- Euse plants with only photosystem I operative and measure how much damage occurs at different wavelengths
33Carotenoids are often found in foods that are considered to have antioxidant properties in human nutrition. What related function do they have in plants?
- AThey serve as accessory pigments to increase light absorption.
- BThey protect against oxidative damage from excessive light energy.
- CThey shield the sensitive chromosomes of the plant from harmful ultraviolet radiation.
- DThey reflect orange light and enhance red light absorption by chlorophyll.
- EThey take up and remove toxins from the groundwater.
34In thylakoids, protons travel through ATP synthase from the thylakoid space to the stroma. Therefore, the catalytic "knobs" of ATP synthase would be located
- Aon the side facing the thylakoid space.
- Bon the ATP molecules themselves.
- Con the pigment molecules of photosystem I and photosystem II.
- Don the stromal side of the membrane.
- Ebuilt into the center of the thylakoid stack (granum).
35In metabolic processes of cell respiration and photosynthesis, prosthetic groups such as heme and iron-sulfur complexes are encountered in components of the electron transport chain. What do they do?
- Adonate electrons
- Bact as reducing agents
- Cact as oxidizing agents
- Dtransport protons within the mitochondria and chloroplasts
- Eboth oxidize and reduce during electron transport
36In a cyanobacterium, the reactions that produce NADPH occur in
- Athe light reactions alone.
- Bthe Calvin cycle alone.
- Cboth the light reactions and the Calvin cycle.
- Dneither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle.
- Ethe chloroplast, but is not part of photosynthesis.
37The reactions that produce molecular oxygen (O₂) take place in
- Athe light reactions alone.
- Bthe Calvin cycle alone.
- Cboth the light reactions and the Calvin cycle.
- Dneither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle.
- Ethe chloroplast, but are not part of photosynthesis.
38The accumulation of free oxygen in Earth's atmosphere began
- Awith the origin of life and respiratory metabolism.
- Bwith the origin of photosynthetic bacteria that had photosystem I.
- Cwith the origin of cyanobacteria that had both photosystem I and photosystem II.
- Dwith the origin of chloroplasts in photosynthetic eukaryotic algae.
- Ewith the origin of land plants.
39A flask containing photosynthetic green algae and a control flask containing water with no algae are both placed under a bank of lights, which are set to cycle between 12 hours of light and 12 hours of dark. The dissolved oxygen concentrations in both flasks are monitored. Predict what the relative dissolved oxygen concentrations will be in the flask with algae compared to the control flask.
- AThe dissolved oxygen in the flask with algae will always be higher.
- BThe dissolved oxygen in the flask with algae will always be lower.
- CThe dissolved oxygen in the flask with algae will be higher in the light, but the same in the dark.
- DThe dissolved oxygen in the flask with algae will be higher in the light, but lower in the dark.
- EThe dissolved oxygen in the flask with algae will not be different from the control flask at any time.
40Where do the enzymatic reactions of the Calvin cycle take place?
- Astroma of the chloroplast
- Bthylakoid membranes
- Cmatrix of the mitochondria
- Dcytosol around the chloroplast
- Ethylakoid space
41What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?
- Ause ATP to release carbon dioxide
- Buse NADPH to release carbon dioxide
- Csplit water and release oxygen
- Dtransport RuBP out of the chloroplast
- Esynthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide
42In C₃ photosynthesis, the reactions that require ATP take place in
- Athe light reactions alone.
- Bthe Calvin cycle alone.
- Cboth the light reactions and the Calvin cycle
- Dneither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle.
- Ethe chloroplast, but is not part of photosynthesis.
43In a plant leaf, the reactions that produce NADH occur in
- Athe light reactions alone.
- Bthe Calvin cycle alone.
- Cboth the light reactions and the Calvin cycle.
- Dneither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle.
- Ethe chloroplast, but is not part of photosynthesis.
44The NADPH required for the Calvin cycle comes from
- Areactions initiated in photosystem I.
- Breactions initiated in photosystem II.
- Cthe citric acid cycle.
- Dglycolysis.
- Eoxidative phosphorylation.
45Reactions that require CO₂ take place in
- Athe light reactions alone.
- Bthe Calvin cycle alone.
- Cboth the light reactions and the Calvin cycle.
- Dneither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle.
- Ethe chloroplast, but is not part of photosynthesis.
46Which of the following statements best represents the relationships between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle?
- AThe light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the Calvin cycle, and the cycle returns ADP, Pi, and NADP⁺ to the light reactions.
- BThe light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the carbon fixation step of the Calvin cycle, and the cycle provides water and electrons to the light reactions.
- CThe light reactions supply the Calvin cycle with CO₂ to produce sugars, and the Calvin cycle supplies the light reactions with sugars to produce ATP.
- DThe light reactions provide the Calvin cycle with oxygen for electron flow, and the Calvin cycle provides the light reactions with water to split.
- EThere is no relationship between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle.
47Three "turns" of the Calvin cycle generate a "surplus" molecule of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P). Which of the following is a consequence of this?
- AFormation of a molecule of glucose would require nine "turns."
- BG3P more readily forms sucrose and other disaccharides than it does monosaccharides.
- CSome plants would not taste sweet to us.
- DThe formation of sucrose and starch in plants involves assembling G3P molecules, with or without further rearrangements.
- EPlants accumulate and store G3P.
48In the process of carbon fixation, RuBP attaches a CO₂ to produce a six-carbon molecule, which is then split to produce two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate. After phosphorylation and reduction produces glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P), what more needs to happen to complete the Calvin cycle?
- Aaddition of a pair of electrons from NADPH
- Binactivation of RuBP carboxylase enzyme
- Cregeneration of ATP from ADP
- Dregeneration of RuBP
- Eregeneration of NADP⁺
49The pH of the inner thylakoid space has been measured, as have the pH of the stroma and of the cytosol of a particular plant cell. Which, if any, relationship would you expect to find?
- AThe pH within the thylakoid is less than that of the stroma.
- BThe pH of the stroma is lower than that of the other two measurements.
- CThe pH of the stroma is higher than that of the thylakoid space but lower than that of the cytosol.
- DThe pH of the thylakoid space is higher than that anywhere else in the cell.
- EThere is no consistent relationship.
50The phylogenetic distribution of the enzyme rubisco is limited to
- AC₃ plants only.
- BC₃ and C₄ plants.
- Call photosynthetic eukaryotes.
- Dall known photoautotrophs, both bacterial and eukaryotic
- Eall living cells.
51Photorespiration occurs when rubisco reacts RuBP with
- ACO₂
- BO₂
- Cglyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
- D3-phosphoglycerate.
- ENADPH.
52In an experiment studying photosynthesis performed during the day, you provide a plant with radioactive carbon (¹⁴C) dioxide as a metabolic tracer. The ¹⁴C is incorporated first into oxaloacetate. The plant is best characterized as a
- AC₄ plant.
- BC₃ plant.
- CCAM plant.
- Dheterotroph.
- Echemoautotroph.
53Why are C₄ plants able to photosynthesize with no apparent photorespiration?
- AThey do not participate in the Calvin cycle.
- BThey use PEP carboxylase to initially fix CO₂.
- CThey are adapted to cold, wet climates.
- DThey conserve water more efficiently.
- EThey exclude oxygen from their tissues.
54CAM plants keep stomata closed in daytime, thus reducing loss of water. They can do this because they
- Afix CO₂ into organic acids during the night.
- Bfix CO₂ into sugars in the bundle-sheath cells.
- Cfix CO₂ into pyruvate in the mesophyll cells.
- Duse the enzyme phosphofructokinase, which outcompetes rubisco for CO₂.
- Euse photosystem I and photosystem II at night.
55Photorespiration lowers the efficiency of photosynthesis by
- Acarbon dioxide molecules.
- B3-phosphoglycerate molecules.
- CATP molecules.
- Dribulose bisphosphate molecules.
- ERuBP carboxylase molecules.
56The alternative pathways of photosynthesis using the C₄ or CAM systems are said to be compromises. Why?
- AEach one minimizes both water loss and rate of photosynthesis.
- BC₄ compromises on water loss and CAM compromises on photorespiration.
- CBoth minimize photorespiration but expend more ATP during carbon fixation.
- DCAM plants allow more water loss, while C₄ plants allow less CO₂ into the plant
- EC₄ plants allow less water loss but CAM plants allow more water loss.
57If plant gene alterations cause the plants to be deficient in photorespiration, what would most probably occur?
- APhotosynthetic efficiency would be reduced at low light intensities.
- BCells would carry on the Calvin cycle at a much slower rate.
- CLess ATP would be generated.
- DThere would be more light-induced damage to the cells.
- ELess oxygen would be produced.
58Compared to C₃ plants, C₄ plants
- Acan continue to fix CO₂ even at relatively low CO2 concentrations and high oxygen concentrations.
- Bhave higher rates of photorespiration.
- Cdo not use rubisco for carbon fixation.
- Dgrow better under cool, moist conditions.
- Emake a four-carbon compound, oxaloacetate, which is then delivered to the citric acid cycle in mitochondria.
59If atmospheric CO₂ concentrations increase twofold or more, how will plants be affected, disregarding any changes in climate?
- AAll plants will experience increased rates of photosynthesis.
- BC₃ plants will have faster growth; C₄ plants will be minimally affected.
- CC₄ plants will have faster growth; C₃ plants will be minimally affected.
- DC₃ plants will have faster growth; C₄ plants will have slower growth.
- EPlant growth will not be affected because atmospheric CO₂ concentrations are never limiting for plant growth.
60Plants photosynthesize only in the light. Plants respire
- Ain the dark only.
- Bin the light only.
- Cboth in light and dark.
- Dnever–they get their ATP from photophosphorylation.
- Eonly when excessive light energy induces photorespiration.
61Figure 10.1 shows the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis. Why are they different?
- AGreen and yellow wavelengths inhibit the absorption of red and blue wavelengths.
- BBright sunlight destroys photosynthetic pigments.
- COxygen given off during photosynthesis interferes with the absorption of light.
- DOther pigments absorb light in addition to chlorophyll a.
- EAerobic bacteria take up oxygen, which changes the measurement of the rate of photosynthesis.
62What wavelength of light in the figure is most effective in driving photosynthesis?
- A420 mm
- B475 mm
- C575 mm
- D625 mm
- E730 mm
63If ATP used by this plant is labeled with radioactive phosphorus, which molecule or molecules of the Calvin cycle will be radioactively labeled first?
- AB only
- BB and C only
- CB, C, and D only
- DB and E only
- EB, C, D, and E
64If the carbon atom of the incoming CO₂ molecule is labeled with a radioactive isotope of carbon, which organic molecules will be radioactively labeled after one cycle?
- AC only
- BB, C, D, and E
- CC, D, and E only
- DB and C only
- EB and D only
65Which molecule(s) of the Calvin cycle is (are) also found in glycolysis?
- AB, C, E, and 3-phosphoglycerate
- BB, C, and E only
- C3-phosphoglycerate only
- DB, C, D, and 3-phosphoglycerate only
- EE only
66To identify the molecule that accepts CO₂, Calvin and Benson manipulated the carbon-fixation cycle by either cutting off CO₂ or cutting off light from cultures of photosynthetic algae. They then measured the concentrations of various metabolites immediately following the manipulation. How would these experiments help identify the CO₂ acceptor? Study Figure 10.2 to help you in determining the correct answer.
- AThe CO₂ acceptor concentration would decrease when either the CO₂ or light are cut off.
- BThe CO₂ acceptor concentration would increase when either the CO₂ or light are cut off.
- CThe CO₂ acceptor concentration would increase when the CO₂ is cut off, but decrease when the light is cut off.
- DThe CO₂ acceptor concentration would decrease when the CO₂ is cut off, but increase when the light is cut off.
- EThe CO₂ acceptor concentration would stay the same regardless of the CO₂ or light.
67Which of the following statements is true concerning Figure 10.3?
- AIt represents cell processes involved in C₄ photosynthesis.
- BIt represents the type of cell structures found in CAM plants.
- CIt represents an adaptation that maximizes photorespiration.
- DIt represents a C₃ photosynthetic system.
- EIt represents a relationship between plant cells that photosynthesize and those that cannot.
68Referring to Figure 10.3, oxygen would inhibit the CO₂ fixation reactions in
- Acell I only.
- Bcell II only.
- Cneither cell I nor cell II.
- Dboth cell I and cell II.
- Ecell I during the night and cell II during the day.
69A gardener is concerned that her greenhouse is getting too hot from too much light, and seeks to shade her plants with colored translucent plastic sheets. What color should she use to reduce overall light energy, but still maximize plant growth?
- Agreen
- Bblue
- Cyellow
- Dorange
- Eany color will work equally well
70Theodor W. Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light.
What did Engelmann conclude about the congregation of bacteria in the red and blue areas?- ABacteria released excess carbon dioxide in these areas.
- BBacteria congregated in these areas due to an increase in the temperature of the red and blue light.
- CBacteria congregated in these areas because these areas had the most oxygen being released
- DBacteria are attracted to red and blue light and thus these wavelengths are more reactive than other wavelengths.
- EBacteria congregated in these areas due to an increase in the temperature caused by an increase in photosynthesis.
71Theodor W. Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light.
An outcome of this experiment was to help determine- Athe relationship between heterotrophic and autotrophic organisms.
- Bthe relationship between wavelengths of light and the rate of aerobic respiration.
- Cthe relationship between wavelengths of light and the amount of heat released.
- Dthe relationship between wavelengths of light and the rate of photosynthesis.
- Ethe relationship between the concentration of carbon dioxide and the rate of photosynthesis.
72Theodor W. Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light.
If you ran the same experiment without passing light through a prism, what would you predict?- AThere would be no difference in results.
- BThe bacteria would be relatively evenly distributed along the algal filaments.
- CThe number of bacteria present would decrease due to an increase in the carbon dioxide concentration.
- DThe number of bacteria present would increase due to an increase in the carbon dioxide concentration.
- EThe number of bacteria would decrease due to a decrease in the temperature of the water.
73A spaceship is designed to support animal life for a multiyear voyage to the outer planets of the solar system. Plants will be grown to provide oxygen and to recycle carbon dioxide.
Since the spaceship will be too far from the sun for photosynthesis, an artificial light source will be needed. What wavelengths of light should be used to maximize plant growth with a minimum of energy expenditure?- Afull-spectrum white light
- Bgreen light
- Ca mixture of blue and red light
- Dyellow light
- EUV light
74A spaceship is designed to support animal life for a multiyear voyage to the outer planets of the solar system. Plants will be grown to provide oxygen and to recycle carbon dioxide.
If the power fails and the lights go dark, what will happen to CO₂ levels?- ACO₂ will rise as a result of both animal and plant respiration.
- BCO₂ will rise as a result of animal respiration only.
- CCO₂ will remain balanced because plants will continue to fix CO₂ in the dark.
- DCO₂ will fall because plants will increase CO₂ fixation.
- ECO₂ will fall because plants will cease to respire in the dark.
75The light reactions of photosynthesis supply the Calvin cycle with
- Alight energy.
- BCO₂ and ATP.
- CH₂O and NADPH.
- DATP and NADPH.
- Esugar and O₂.
76Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?
- ANADPH → O₂ → CO₂
- BH₂O → NADPH → Calvin cycle
- CNADPH → chlorophyll → Calvin cycle
- DH₂O → photosystem I → photosystem II
- ENADPH → electron transport chain → O₂
77How is photosynthesis similar in C₄ plants and CAM plants?
- AIn both cases, only photosystem I is used.
- BBoth types of plants make sugar without the Calvin cycle.
- CIn both cases, rubisco is not used to fix carbon initially.
- DBoth types of plants make most of their sugar in the dark.
- EIn both cases, thylakoids are not involved in photosynthesis.
78Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs?
- AOnly heterotrophs require chemical compounds from the environment.
- BCellular respiration is unique to heterotrophs.
- COnly heterotrophs have mitochondria.
- DAutotrophs, but not heterotrophs, can nourish themselves beginning with CO₂ and other nutrients that are inorganic.
- EOnly heterotrophs require oxygen.
79Which of the following does not occur during the Calvin cycle?
- Acarbon fixation
- Boxidation of NADPH
- Crelease of oxygen
- Dregeneration of the CO₂ acceptor
- Econsumption of ATP
80In mechanism, photophosphorylation is most similar to
- Asubstrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis.
- Boxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration.
- Cthe Calvin cycle.
- Dcarbon fixation.
- Ereduction of NADP⁺.
81Which process is most directly driven by light energy?
- Acreation of a pH gradient by pumping protons across the thylakoid membrane
- Bcarbon fixation in the stroma
- Creduction of NADP⁺ molecules
- Dremoval of electrons from chlorophyll molecules
- EATP synthesis
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- Biology Quiz on ch 10 bio, created by Michelle Phan on 15/12/2016.
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