Flashcards
Atomic structure
Cards in this deck (15)
- 1Nucleonsprotons and neutrons
- 2Atomic number (Z)number of protons in nucleus
- 3Mass numbernumber of protons and neutrons
- 4Isotopesdifferent atomic of the same element with different mass number (i.e. different numbers of neutrons)
- 5energy levels (shells)electrons arranged in it (2n^2 = no of electrons in each shell
- 6sub levelss (2 electrons, 1 orbital)
p (6 electrons, 3 orbitals)
d (10 electrons, 5 orbitals)
f (14 electrons, 7 orbitals) - 7Orbitala region of space where there is a high probability of finding an electron
(max 2e- with opposite spin) - 8Filling up the orbitalsOrder:
1s
2s 2p
3s 3p
4s 3d 4p
Exceptions: Cr: [Ar] 3d^5, 4s^1
Cu: [Ar]: 3d^10, 4s^1 - 9Pauli Exclusion principle:max 2e- in orbital
have opposite spin - 10Hund's rulemax. number of e- spin is equal
- 11Ions configuration- "last in, first out"
- transition metals + group 13/14 4s removed before 3d - 12Atomic emission spectra-line spectra with certain wavelengths
- sharp bright lines
- get closer at higher f/E
- convergence limit: lines merges e- left atom
Falls back: - 3rd level: infrared
2nd level: visible light
- 1st level: ultraviolet - 13Atomic spectraE = hf
f = c/ - 14Ionisation energyminimum amount of energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom
2. IE > 1. IE (positive ion attract negative electron more strongly; less repulsion between e- attracted closer to nucleus - 15Trends in ionisation energy-generally increase across a period (higher nuclear charge, similar shielding; force of attraction from nucleus increases)
- small decrease as new sub-shell/second half of sub-shell is filled (higher e-level/higher repulsion between e- in 1 orbit)
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- International Baccalaureate Chemistry Flashcards on Atomic structure , created by Jonas Schlicht on 25/04/2016.
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- Jonas Schlicht
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