Flashcards
applied science unit 11 AQA exam
Cards in this deck (14)
- 1dynamic equilibriumthe rate of the forward reaction is the same as the rate of the backwards reaction. concentrations of the reactants and products are constant.
- 2homogeneouswhen all the products and reactants have the same state.
- 3heterogeneouswhen all the products and reactants have different states.
- 4reversible reactionreactants form products and products form reactants.
- 5le chateliers principleany system in dynamic equilibrium will oppose ant change imposed on it.
- 6catalystspeeds up the rate of reaction without being used up itself by providing an alternative route and lowering the activation energy.
- 7activation energyminimum amount of energy to start a chemical reaction.
- 8dynamic equilibrium: temperatureincrease= favours endothermic
decrease=favours exothermic
endo=()H positive- forward will=endo/left
exo=()H negative- forward will=exo/right - 9dynamic equilibrium: pressure*only affects gases*
increase=favours side with fewest moles to decrease pressure
decrease=favours side with most molecules to increase pressure - 10dynamic equilibrium: concentrationincrease reactants, shift right to decrease concentration
decrease products, shift right to increase concentration
increase products, shift left to decrease concentration - 11dynamic equilibrium: catalystsno effect on the equilibrium because they speed up the forward and reverse reaction by the same amount
- 12dynamic equilibrium: yieldequilibrium shifts right= more products = more yield
equilibrium shifts left=less product= less yield - 13equilibrium constant (Kc) Kc rulesif there are more products than reactants Kc= bigger than 1
more reactants than products Kc= smaller than 1
equilibrium= half way between R and P Kc= 1 - 14what affect will adding a catalyst have on the rate of reaction (3 marks)1. increase
2.as a catalyst lowers the activation energy a greater proportion of particles possess an energy greater than the Ea.
3. therefore more collisions will be successful
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- flash cards for unit 11 exam on key definitions and rules to remember
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