Igneous Rocks notes
13 notes by 4 users
This Igneous Rocks notes page gathers over 10 community-made notes, from textures and cooling to rock identification and magma differentiation. School students and university students can use them to practise comparing rocks, while teachers can find ready-made material across both levels. Choose a note to begin.
Notes
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Differences Between Intrusive and Extrusive Rocks Chilled Margin the edge of the igneous intrusion, which is closest to the cold country rock, cools more rapidly than the rest of the intrusion and forms the chilled margin the chilled margin may only be a few centimen...
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Igneous Textures Igneous rocks generally consist of interlocking crystals, which gives them a crystalline texture. Pyroclastic rocks will have a fragmental texture as they consist of fragments of glass, crystal and rock, as a result o...
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Differentiation of Magma Bowen's Reaction SeriesNorman L Bowen was an American geologist who, during the 1920s, carried out a series of experiments to find the temperatures at which minerals in igneous rocks crystallised. He used powdered roc...
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The Results of Magmatic Differentiation If a parent rock is mafic in theory it will produce: peridotite at the base of the intrusion, rich in dense olivine gabbro forming the main part of the intrusion diorite may exist towards the top of the intrusion gran...
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Igneous Rocks Classification of Igneous RocksIgneous rocks make up about 95% of the Earth's surface. There are sedimentary rocks are the surface, metamorphic rocks are also found in the crust.Crystal Grain SizeIf no crystals can be...
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Intrusive Igneous Rocks Minor IntrusionsSome intrusions are small with dykes just a few centimetres wide but hundreds of metres long. Many minor intrusions are huge, such as the Palisade Sill, which is 300m thick and outcrops of 60km and und...
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The Results of Magmatic Differentiation If a parent rock is mafic in theory it will produce: peridotite at the base of the intrusion, rich in dense olivine gabbro forming the main part of the intrusion diorite may exist towards the top of the intrusion gran...
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Igneous Rocks and Rates of Cooling Crystal Grain SizeExamining crystals in igneous rocks is one of the quickest ways to identify rocks in the field or from samples.The rate of cooling is the main factor that controls crystal size. The general rule is t...
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Igneous 2 Reading:Chapter 6 and Chapter 9.Lecture 1 20/02/17The Life and Death of MagmaMagma production and accumulation..deep magma transport...storage...local shallow transport....eruption.Magma is caused by partial melting o...
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Identifying Mafic and Ultramafic Igneous Rocks Mafic Igneous RocksShould be dark in colour - due to ferromagnesian minerals (pyroxne augite, and sometimes olivine with Ca-rich plagioclase but no quartz)Low silica magma only 45-52% silica Low viscosity, so reaches ...
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Identifying Silicic and Intermediate Igneous Rocks crystal grain size to tell you the rate of cooling mineral composition and colour for silica content igneous textures for origin Silicic Igneous RocksHigh silica magma contains 66 to 75% silica and is mainly generated...
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Basalts Basalt - Basalts exist in variety of tectonic environments such as Mid-ocean ridges, island arcs, back arc, basins, intra-plate oceanic islands, large igneous provinces, and intra- continental rifts).-Basalt a fine gr...
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Basalt - Basalt a fine grained mafic igneous rock consisting augite + calcic plagioclase.(augite is a high-Ca pyroxene and Calcic plagioclase refers to plagioclase crystals contain more anorthite than albite.-Basalt exist in...
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About igneous rocks notes
GoConqr OriginalExploring Igneous Rocks notes
The notes on this page offer different ways into the unit. Igneous Textures is a useful starting point for looking at how rocks appear. Follow it with Igneous Rocks and Rates of Cooling to connect crystal grain size with cooling.
For a closer look at identification, compare the notes on silicic and intermediate rocks with those on mafic and ultramafic rocks. Intrusive Igneous Rocks and Differences Between Intrusive and Extrusive Rocks offer material on intrusions, while Differentiation of Magma looks at how magma changes.
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Frequently asked questions
Which note should I start with?
Start with Igneous Textures if you want to focus on how rocks look. You can then read Igneous Rocks and Rates of Cooling to explore the link between crystal grain size and cooling. Both offer a starting point before moving on to notes about identifying different rocks.
What topics do these notes cover?
The notes cover textures, cooling, intrusive and extrusive rocks, and the identification of rocks by composition. You can also find notes on magma differentiation and basalt. Choose a topic you are studying, then compare the relevant notes to find the level of detail you need.
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