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Stimulants and Cognitive Medications
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- 1Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine)Stimulant
*indicated for ages 3-16
*duration: 4-6 hours
*schedule: 2-3 times/day - 2Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta)Stimulant
*indicated in ages 6-12
*duration: 3-5 hours
*schedule: 2-3 times/day - 3Mixture of salts and L-amphetamine (Adderall)Stimulant
*indicated for ages 6 and older
*duration: 4-6 hours
*schedule: 2 times/day - 4Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (Vyvanse)Stimulant
*indicated for ages 6-12
*duration: 10-12 hours
*schedule: once/day - 5Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin)Stimulant
*indicated in ages 6 and older
*duration: 4-5 hours
*schedule: 2 times/day - 6Important note about the stimulants- can quickly increase attention and task-directed behavior; reduces impulsivity, restlessness, and distractibility
-treat w/ minimum effective dose and increase (as needed)
- do NOT administer later than 1600
- SE: insomnia, appetite suppression, headache, abdominal pain, lethargy
-may take 6 wks. for therapeutic response
*RISK FOR ABUSE POTENTIAL - 7Atomoxetine (Strattera)Non-stimulant
*indicated for ages 6-65
*duration: 24 hrs.
*schedule: once/day - 8Important note about non-stimulants-therapeutic response may develop slowly (~6 wks.)
-SE: GI disturbances, reduced appetite, weight loss, urinary retention, dizziness, fatigue, insomnia
*Risk for liver injury, increase in blood pressure and heart rate --> ongoing monitoring of VS and liver fxning needed
*USE W/ CAUTION: increased risk of suicidal ideation - 9Tacrine (Cognex)Cholinesterase inhibitor
**No longer used, due to hepatotoxicity - 10Donepezil (Aricept)Cholinesterase inhibitor
-dosage: once daily
**Better tolerated than others (preferred) - 11Rivastigmine (Exelon)Cholinesterase inhibitor
-available as once-daily patch
-most common SE: N/V, weight loss, decreased appetite
**ALWAYS TAKE W/ FOOD TO DECREASE GI EFFECTS - 12Galantamine (Razadyne)Cholinesterase inhibitor
-prescribed in first and second stages of AD - 13Mechanism of action ~ cholinesterase inhibitorsACTION: prevents the breakdown of acetylcholamine and thereby increases its availability at cholinergic synapses
- 14Indications for cholinesterase inhibitorsModestly improves cognition, behavior, and function; slows progression of dementia
*Use w/ caution when pts. are taking NSAIDs - 15Side effects of cholinesterase inhibitorsN/V, diarrhea, insomnia, fatigue, muscle cramps, incontinence, bradycardia, and syncope
- 16Memantine (Namenda)N-methyl D-aspartate (NDMA) inhibitor
- 17Mechanism of action ~ NMDA inhibitorsNormalizes levels of GLUTAMATE, which in excessive quantities contributes to neurodegeneration
*Used during moderate to severe stages of AD - 18Indications for NDMA inhibitorsTreatment of moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease (h/e, no evidence that it modifies the underlying disease)
- 19Side effects of NMDA inhibitorsDizziness, agitation, headache, confusion, and constipation
**Clearance is reduced w/ renal impairment (use w/ caution in mild to moderate renal impairment; do not use w/ severe)
Información
- Descripción
- Information for psych pharm quiz #3 and the final exam.
- Creado por
- harlacherha
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