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Substance-Related Disorders Flashcards
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- 1What is the definition of Substance Use?Simply use of a substance (drugs, caffeine, alcohol, cigarettes) without any of the baggage of a disorder necessarily.
- 2What is Substance Intoxication?A state in which a person's normal capacity to act or reason is inhibited by alcohol or drugs; the physiological reaction to a substance (drunkenness or being high)
- 3What is Substance Abuse?Any pattern of substance use that results in repeated adverse social consequences related to drug-taking—for example, interpersonal conflicts, failure to meet work, family, or school obligations, or legal problems.
- 4What is Substance Dependence?It's characterized by physiological and behavioral symptoms related to substance use. These symptoms include the need for increasing amounts of the substance to maintain desired effects, withdrawal if drug-taking ceases, and a great deal of time spent in activities related to substance use.
- 5What substance type induces relaxation and sedation? Examples?Depressants; alcohol, barbituates, bendodiazapines
- 6What substance type induces activeness, alertness, and elevated mood? Examples?Stimulants; amphetamines, cocaine, nicotine, caffeine
- 7What substance type induces analgesia (inability to feel pain) and euphoria? Examples?Opiates; heroin, opium, codeine, morphine
- 8What substance type induces alternate sensory perception and thinking? Examples?Hallucinogens; Cannabis, LSD
- 9What are the four general clinical features of substance-related disorders?-Impaired Control
-Social Impairment
-Risky Use of Substance
- Pharmacological Criteria - 10Give some examples of Impaired Control.-Taking substances in larger amounts that intended
-Desire and unsuccessful attempts to cut down
-Great deal of time spent in obtaining or recovering from substance
-Bad cravings - 11Give some examples of Social Impairment.-Failure to fulfill major obligations (work, home, school)
-Continued use despite interpersonal difficulties
-Giving up or reducing involvement in social, occupational, or recreational activities - 12Give some examples of Risky Use of Substance.-Recurrent use in situations that are physically hazardous
-Continued use despite knowledge of problems caused or exacerbated by the substance - 13Give some examples of Pharmacological Criteria of substance-related disorders.-Tolerance
-Withdrawal - 14What is tolerance?The need for increasing amounts of a substance to get the same effect as before. Also, markedly diminished effects of same amounts of substance.
- 15What is withdrawal?Negative symptoms that occur when one ceases to take in drugs and the relief of those symptoms by ingestion of more of that substance or a similar substance.
- 16What are the main ideas behind the Disease Model of addiction?- Some people have a psychological predisposition and sensitivity to alcohol
-alcoholism is progressive and irreversible (abstinence is a must)
-drinking is triggered by personality or social causes, but is sustained by physiological factors - 17Give an example of addiction treatment that follows the tenants of the Disease Model of addiction.Alcoholics/Narcotics Anonymous; they preach complete abstinence from the substances
- 18How does the disease model affect stigma?There is a decrease in blame of the addicted person, but pity increases. People also think that addiction is then less controllable and has a worse prognosis overall.
- 19What is one problem with the disease model?Studies have shown that expectation of ingesting a substance (being told that they just drank alcohol) was a better predictor of how many drinks they would drink later than whether or not they actually ingested the substance.
- 20What are the three Learning theories of substance-related disorders?-Tension Reduction Theory
-Social Learning Theory
-Cognitive-Behavioral Theory - 21Briefly explain Tension Reduction Theory.Belief that people drink to get rod of uncomfortable, tense feelings. The substance works as a negative reinforcer (reinforces by taking away something bad)
- 22Briefly explain Social Learning Theory.We observe the effects of alcohol on others. We drink to be accepted, and a lot of the time (especially in college) we overestimate how much everyone else is drinking, specifically.
- 23Briefly explain Cognitive-Behavioral Theory.This focuses on relapses, high-risk situations, and coping skills. The goal is for one to gain self-control over drinking and to sacrifice short-term for long-term goals. This theory also believes that falling off the wagon for a short time is not starting at square 1; you still have made progress
- 24Explain the Alliance triangle of someone who is in need of help due to their addiction and the person helping them.-Bond- there needs to be mutual liking and trust on both ends
-Agree on goals - there needs to be agreement on what the end goal of treatment is (ex. abstinence vs controlled drinking)
-Agree on tasks - there needs to be agreement on the way treatment will proceed; understanding - 25What kinds of other disorders are substance-related disorders usually comorbid with?Mood and anxiety disorders; this might explain tension reduction theory. Substance abuse can also be part of the reason someone becomes anxious or depressed.
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- 200 (Flashcards) Abnormal Psychology Fichas sobre Substance-Related Disorders Flashcards, creado por Jenna Lehmann el 08/05/2016.
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- Jenna Lehmann
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