MEMORY

MEMORY

1. Stages

   • 1. Encoding
     • initial perception
   • 2. Consolidation
     • Laying down and strengthening
   • 3. Retrieval
     • Call back up later
   • 4. Reconsolidation
     • Adaptive update mechanism - allows for new info

2. STM Systems

   • Short - Term Memory
     • MODELS
       • Modal Model
     • moment-to-moment thoughts/perceptions
     • CHUNKING
     • SERIAL POSITION EFFECT
       • Primacy Effect
       • Recency Effect
     • Interference
       • Retroactive Interference
       • Proactive Interference
     • Rehearsal
       • Maintence Rehearsal
       • Elaborative Rehearsal
     • VISUAL SHORT TERM MEMORY
       • SLOT MODEL
       • VOGEL MODEL (bouncer)
         • efficiency varies substatially
         • High capacity individuals filter irrelevant info
         • Low capacity don't filter. WM holds higher load
         • individual difference result from differences in selective attention
         • Contralateral Delay Activity (CDA)
           • More objects in memory the bigger the CDA
         • high capacity able to block out distractors
         • high capacity CDA looks like 2 objects
     • Sensory Memory
       • persistence of vision
   • Working Memory
     • Allows manipulation of info in STM
     • key for encoding of LTM
     • Baddeley and Hitch
     • Parts of Brain
       • Prefrontal Cortex
         • Left Ventral Lateral PFC
           • verbal
             • Phonological loop
         • Right Ventral Lateral PFC
           • spatial
             • Visuo scratchpad
         • hold info and combine
         • monkey delayed response task
       • Hippocampus

3. LONG TERM MEMORY

   • EXPLICIT
     • RETROSPECTIVE
       • Semantic Memory
       • Episodic Memory
       • Autobiographical Memory
   • IMPICIT
     • PROSPECTIVE
       • Priming and Conditioning
       • Procedural
     • learn without remembering how you did
   • AMNESIA
     • Retrograde Amnesia
     • Anterograde Amnesia
     • Both Retro and Anterograde
     • BIO
       • hippocampus
       • temporal lobes
       • Ventral Prefrontal Cortex (vPFC)
       • Amygdala
       • Fornix (white matter)
   • Encoding Processes
     • shallow
       • physical features
     • deep
       • meaning
     • Flashbulb Memories
     • Encoding Specificity
       • State-dependent learning
         • mood
         • substances
           • drunk learning leads to answering more questions when drunk
       • Context Dependent
     • Eyewitness Memories
       • Leading Questions
       • Misleading postevent information (MPI)
     • False Memories
       • Loftus and Pameler
         • asking how fast car was going
       • Source Monitoring
         • ability to tell difference between something we observed or just heard about
         • Jacoby et al.,
           • identifying non-famous and favmous people

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