Hardware

Hardware

1. CPU (Central Processing Unit)

   • Fetch-Decode-Execute (Little Man Computer)
   • ALU - Logical calculations
   • Registers - Store loactions
   • Buses - Communicates with other componets
   • Microprocessor
   • Hertz
   • Overclocking
     • Produces more heat
     • Faster
     • Lifetime reduced
   • Cache
     • Area of memory between RAM and CPU
     • Quicker than RAM
     • Regularly used items stored to be quicker
   • More cores better multitasking

2. Binary Logic

   • 1 Byte=8 Bits
   • Base 2 System
   • 0 or !
   • AND
   • OR
   • NOT

3. Memory

   • RAM - Random Access Memory
     • Temporary Storage
     • Load programs needed by the cpu
     • Swapping - Movement of data from RAM to HDD to free space for new applications
   • ROM - Read Only Memory
     • Bootup
     • Non-volatile
     • Flashing the Firmware
   • Virtual Memory
     • On secondary storage
     • When RAM is full, information stored here.
   • RAM larger than level 1 and 2 cache
   • Level 1 Cache fastest
   • Flash Memory cheaper than other media

4. Input and Output

   • Input - Adds information to the system E.g. Keyboard
   • Output - Allows the user to view the processed information E.g. Mointor
   • Eye Tracking, Braille keyboards/printers, text to speach

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