Chapter 9

Chapter 9

1. Evolution of Intelligence Testing

   • A intelligence test measures the general mental abilities. It also assesses intellectual potential rather than previous accumulated knowledge
     • fluid intelligence involves reasoning ability memory capacity and speed of information processing
       • Emotional Intelligence consists of the ability to perceive and express emotion assimilated emotion in though and understand reason and regulate emotion
         • Pierre Brocca believed that your brain sized equalled intelligence
           • Alfred Binet was asked by the French government to create a test to identify students who would benefit from remedial education.
             • The test that was created was called the "Simon-Binet Scale" (created along with Theodore Simon) the test includes, digit repetition, sentence completion, point to to object in picture, how are they alike, moral judgment, recognition of food
             • David Wechsler developed the WAIS test. (wecshler adult intelligence scale). it measures overall intelligence and 11 other aspects related to intelligence that assess clinical and educational problems
   • Intelligence is the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use our knowledge to adapt to new situations
     • General Intelligence is linked to many clusters that can be analyzed by factor analysis
       • Analytic intelligences assessed by intellectual test
         • Creative intellectual makes us adapt to novel situations generating ideas

2. Heredity and Environment

   • Heritability Ratio is an estimate of the proportion of trait variability in a population that is determined by variations in genetic inheritance
   • Reaction Range to refer to these genetically determined limits on IQ or other traits
   • Environments influence the degree to which genetic predispositions are realizes

3. IQ (Intelligent Quotient)

   • IQ is your metal age, divided by your chronological age multiplied by 100
     • Deviation IQ scores; locates subjects precisely within the normal distribution using the standard deviation as the unit of measurement

4. Validity & Reliability

   • Reliability refers to the measurement consistancy on a test
   • Validity is the ability of a test to measure what the test was designed for and to show the accuracy
     • Content Validity is the degree to which the content of a test is representative of the domain it is suppose to cover
       • CriteronRelated Validity is estimated by correlating subjects score on a test with their scores on a independent criterion
         • construct Validity is the extent to when there is evidence that a test measures a particular hypothetical construct

5. Standardization and Norms

   • Standardization refers to uniform procedures used in administration test scoring
     • Percentile Score indicates the percentage of people who score at or below the score one has obtained
   • Test Norms provide information about where a score on a psychological test ranks in relation to other scores on that test