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Approaches
Descripción
Social, Physiological, Individual Difference, Cognitive, Developmental and the two perspectives: Behaviouist and Psychodynamic
Mapa Mental por
liam.r.clifford
, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por
liam.r.clifford
hace alrededor de 10 años
20
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Resumen del Recurso
Approaches
Cogntive
Assumptions
The brain is like a computer processor. Boxes and arrow approach.
The study of internal processes is important in understanding behaviour.
Strengths
High level of control through lab experiments.
May help with the treatment of cognitive problems and practical applications such as teaching.
Weaknesses
Low ecological validity due to controlled conditions.
Cognitive approach tends to be reductionist.
Developmental
Assumptions
Abilities and behaviours change over a life-time.
In early life there is a critical period for language, attachment to others especially parents.
Strengths
Adds to the continuing nature/nurture debate.
Offers explanations to why different ages have different skills, responses and emotions.
Weaknesses
Children samples are easily influences by experimenters.
Some aspects of development are hard to study scientifically.
Physiological
Assumptions
All behaviour has biological causes.
Genes have evolved over millions of years so much behaviour has a genetic basis.
Strengths
Uses highly controlled conditions and specialised techniques.
Contributed to psychologists’ understanding of a very wide range of phenomena.
Weaknesses
Tasks lack ecological validity.
Raises ethical concerns
Social
Assumptions
Research can help with social issues.
Behaviour of an individual is influenced by others and society.
Strengths
Investigates issues highly relevent to society.
Demonstrates the extent to which situational factors affect behaviour
Weaknesses
ETHICAL ISSUES!!
Demand characteristics can be high
Individual Differences
Assumptions
Aims to make generalisations about differences between people.
Focuses on the unique characteristics of the individual.
Strengths
Qualitative research is rich and detailed.
Research has many practical applications
Weaknesses
Case studies are difficult to generalise
Methodology is sometimes subjective.
Psychodynamic Perspective
Assumptions
We are strongly influenced by our unconscious mind.
Our development is affected by early relationships
Strengths
Occupies middle ground on nature/nurture debate.
Explains a variety of behaviours.
Weaknesses
Poor research methodology.
Theoretical ideas to vague to test.
Behaviouist Perspective
Assumptions
We acquire behaviour through learning.
Behaviour exists as a result to a certain stimuli.
Strengths
Scientific status.
Practical applications.
Weaknesses
Reductionist.
Raises ethical concerns.
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