Tissues

Tissues

1. Epithelial -- covers surfaces and lines body cavities

   • Simple Squamous
     • allows for diffusion
     • Kidney, air sac of lungs, lining heart, blood vessels
   • Simple Cuboidal
     • secretes and absorbs
     • Kidney tubules, ducts of small glands
   • Simple Columnar
     • absorption and secretion
       • can make mucus sometimes
     • ciliated or non
       • ciliated - uterine (fallopian) tube
       • non ciliated - digestive tract
   • Stratified Squamous
     • lots of layers = protection
     • keratinised
       • harder eg Skin
     • non keratinized
       • mouth, anus, vagina, throat
         • smooth, not dry, but still protected
   • Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar
     • looks like lots but only one
     • upper respiratory tract, male sperm ducts
     • have cilia to brush things along
   • Transitional Epithelium
     • easily stretched
     • Bladder - as it fills it stretches

2. Connective Tissue -- bind, support, protect

   • Loose Areolar
     • cushions, inflammation, holds fluid
     • bubble wrap- wraps around muscles/organs
     • elastic, collagen and flibroblasts
   • Adipose (Fat)
     • energy, warmth, padding
     • filled with blood cells, not alot of collagen
   • Dense Regular (collagen)
     • packed with protein - collagen all parallel to eachother
     • found in tendons - muscle to bone so contraction happens all same way
   • Dense irregular
     • collagen in diff directions
       • strong no matter what/where force
     • joint around shoulder, dermis of skin
   • Dense Regular (elastic)
     • withstand heaps of pressure
     • stretch and recoil eg with blood pump
       • wall of aorta
   • Hyaline Cartilage
     • firm but flexible
     • supports and reinforces
     • bone end sitting in joint, nose, trachea,
       • prevents bone on bone rubbing
   • Elastic Cartilage
     • more elastic fibres
     • ear, epiglottis
     • flexibility but maintains shape
   • Fibrocartilage
     • some collagen, some elastin - shock absorbers
     • between vertebrae discs - cushions
     • pads in knee joints too

3. Muscular Tissue --movement

   • Skeletal Muscle
     • striations
       • protein arrangement
     • voluntary movement
       • muscle contraction
   • Cardiac Muscle
     • not long cylindrical, more branched
     • involuntary control
       • heart pump
   • Smooth Muscle
     • no striations
     • walls of hollow organs, artery, bladder, uterus
       • about movement
     • involuntary control

4. Nervous Tissue -- communication

   • Neurons
     • axon, dendrite, cell body
     • main communicator
     • Brain, spinal cord, nerves
   • Neuroglia
     • supporting cells
       • protection
     • astrocytes, microglia, ependymal, oligodendrocytes, schwann and satellite