QUALITATIVE RESEARCH 123

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH 123

1. It is the type of research characterized by the usage of descriptive data mostly without applying treatments to see the posttreatments.

2. TYPES

   • ETHNOGRAPHIES
     • The purpose of this is to provide a holistic description of cultural patterns from an emic perspective.
   • CASE STUDIES
     • The purpose of this is to provide a detailed description of specific participants and it is developed through periodic intervals for an extended period of time.
   • GROUNDED THEORY
     • OBSERVATIONS
       • The purpose of this is to provide careful descriptions of learner's activities without influencing their context.
     • INTERVIEWS
       • This offers the researcher the opportunity to use structured, semistructured and unstructured interviews that allow him to work with the group and acquire information that surveys could not provide.
   • PHENOMENOLOGY
     • DIARIES/JOURNALS
       • The purpose of this is to provide an inside perspective that can complement the researcher's process.

3. ANALYZING QUALITATIVE DATA

   • THE THREE STAGES OF ANALYSIS.
     • COMPREHENSIVE
       • In this stage of aspects of a chosen context are researched.
     • TOPIC ORIENTED.
       • In this stage the topic has been clarified through preliminary analysis and the data collection becomes focused.
     • HYPOTHESIS ORIENTED
       • In this stage, the hypothesis are created based on the data collected.
   • STRATEGIES
     • TRIANGULATION
       • THEORETICAL
         • Usage of multiple perspectives to analyze the same set of data
       • INVESTIGATOR
         • Usage of multiple observers and interviews
       • METHODOLOGICAL
         • Usage of multiple measures and research methods to analyze the same phenomena

4. CHARACTERISTICS

   • Usage of rich detailed descriptions.
   • Usage of natural and holistic representation of the phenomena.
   • Few participants.
   • Emic perspectives
   • Cyclical and open-ended processes.
   • Possible ideological orientations
   • General and open-ended research questions.

5. DISADVANTAGES OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

   • CREDIBILITY
     • Lack of naturality of the participants.
   • TRANSFERABILITY
     • Lack of similarity on the context to pass results between contexts
   • CONFIRMABILITY
     • Lack of detailed data.
   • DEPENDABILITY
     • Lack of characterization of the research context and relationships among the participants.

6. REFERENCES

   • Kumar, P. (2013). Qualitative research designs: a conceptual framework. International Journal of Social Science & Interdisciplinary Research, 2(1), pp. 118 - 124.

7. BY

   • Ana Cristina Ortega Vanegas

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