Demography

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Infant Mortality Decline

Children = special. Having children = expensive so parents choose to limit size of family.

Attitudes to women = change. 20th century = women focused on careers, easier access to divorce/contraception/reliable contraception.

Children = economic liability. Restrictions on work hours and age, compulsory education & changing norms (children's rights to material items).

Social construction = uniquely special time. Quantity