Test
Learning to be happy
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Preguntas del test (132)
1Investigates behaviour which is socially significant (important to an individuals society)
- Aapplied
- Beffective
- Ctechnological
- Dgenerality
2emphasis on direct measurement of the actual behaviours of interest or concern
- Abehavioural
- Bapplied
- Canalytic
- Deffective
3data should be demonstrated convincingly that behaviour change was not due to the intervention and not confounding variables
- Aanalytic
- Bconceptually systematic
- Ceffective
- Dtechnological
4employs proceedures (interventions) derived from, or to, findings from basic research on principles of learning- operant mostly, but respondant too
- Aconceptually systematic
- Beffective
- Canalytic
- Dbehavioural
5identify and describe procedures in sufficent detail that others can replicate that procedure well enough to produce the same results
- Atechnological
- Beffective
- Cgenerality
- Dapplied
6improves behaviour sufficently to produce variable practical results for the individual
- Aeffective
- Btechnological
- Capplied
- Dbehavioural
7lasts over time, appears in environments other than the one in which the behavioural techniques were applied, or speads to other behaviours not directly treated by the behavioural change techniques
- Agenerality
- Bconceptually systematic
- Ctechnological
- Dbehavioural
8a contigency contract specifies
- Athe response and reward
- Bthe task, task record and reinfocement
- Cthe antecedent, behavior and consequence
- Dthe rule governed behaviour
9the premack principles says
- Athe reinforcer must be desirable
- Bthe reinforcer must be similar to the behaviour
- Cthe reinforcer must be something you do often
- Dthe reinforcer must be contingent
10if you want to extinguish an unwanted behaviour you should also
- Apunish it
- Breinforce an alternative behaviour
- Cshape it
- Dnoncontingently reinforce it
11When trying to increase a new behaviour, you should reinforce yourself
- Acontingently
- Bcontinuosly
- Cimmediatly
- Dcontingently, continuously and immediatley
12food is an ______ positive reinforcer when someone is deprived of food
- Aunconditioned
- Bconditioned
- Cneutral
- Dnegative
13what is the first step in a self-managment plan?
- Agoal setting
- Bfunctional assesment
- Cmaking the decision to engage in self-management
- Ddefining the target behaviour and competing behaviours
14Vasco is old fashioned and keeps a paper diary of his behaviour in his pocket. What should Vasco do to track his behaviour change?
- Aget an app instead of a book
- Bget a mediator to track his data
- Cget a new book for the treatment phase
- Dtransfer his data to a graph
15which of the following does not influence the effectiveness of reinforcement?
- Aimmediacy
- Bcontingency
- Cestablishing operations
- Dmediation
16when behaviour modification procedures are used by an individual to change his or her own behaviour the process is called...
- Aself-management
- Bbehaviour modification
- Ctracking behaviour
- Danalysis
17Jane swears whenever her mum makes broccoli for dinner. Jane's mum always sends her to her room whenever she swears. As a result, Jane is more likely to swear when her mum makes broccoli. this is an example of...
- Anegative reinforcement
- Bnegative punishment
- Cpositive reinforcement
- Dpositive punishment
18Zoe started to feel too warm whilst shopping. She began to sweat and as a result removed her jacket. sweating is a type of....
- Arespondent
- Bunconditioned response
- Cpositive punishment
- Dconditioned stimulus
19when a ______ stimulus is repeatdly paired with an _______ stimulus it will elict a ________ response
- Aunconditioned, neutral, conditioned
- Bneutral, good, positive
- Cneutral, bad, negative
- Dneutral, unconditioned, conditioned
20Susan visited her opticians for her annual check-up. During the check-up, the opticians used a tool that blew a puff of air into her eye. susan immediately blinked. this is a _____ behaviour.
- Aoperant
- Brespondent
- Cneutral
- Dconditioned
21a _____ elicits a conditioned response
- Aantecedent stimulus
- Bneutral stimuls
- Cconditioned stimulus
- Dunconditioned stimulus
22voluntary behaviours are examples of ______ behaviour
- Aneutral
- Bconditioned
- Coperant
- Dunconditioned
23Mathew has been struggling to control the amount of alcohol that he consumes daily and as a result, his doctor has prescribed him medication. this medication will cause him to be very ill if he drinks alcohol. he takes the medication one day and decides to also drink, shortly after he begins to feel nauseous. nausea in this context is a _______. if mathew continues to feel neusea after taking the medication therefore restriccts himself from consiming alcohol, hthe medication is a______
- Aelicit response, neutral stimulus
- Bbehaviour, conditioned stimulus
- Cconditioned response, unconditioned stimulus
- Dunconditioned response, conditined stimulus
24You are walking down the street and see a car flashing its headlights. You continue to walk past the car. Your friend was involved in a serious car crash when she was younger and now whenever she sees headlights she begins to cry. With regards to the behaviour the headlights are a______
- Aneutral stimulus
- Bconditioned stimulus
- Cunconditioned stimulus
- Dneutral response
25thoughts and feelings are_____
- Aprivate events
- Bcognition
- Cthree term contingency
- Dextinction burst
26Maggie always uses the same washing machine in the laundrette. today when she went to use the machine it would not accept her coins. After trying to put her coins into the machine a few more times, she started to bang the side of it. She then started to kick the machine. She asked the man next to her if his machine was not accepting coins and started to hit the machine harder. Eventually Maggie left the machine and used another. The increase in Maggies behaviour may be an example of
- Acondition behaviour
- Bmotivation operations
- Cextinction burst
- Dprivate events
27When a stimulus is added to the environment and a behaviour decreases in the future following the presentation of the stimulus, the behaviour has been....
- Apunished
- Brewarded
- Cnot affected
- Dchanged
28Jacob kept talking during class despite being told not to talk. As a result, his teacher gave him a detention at the end of school day. Jacob no longer talks in class. this is an example of?
- Areward
- Bpunishment
- Creinforcement
- Drules
29Joe is trying to correct his poor posture at work. Every time he slouches, an aversive loud tone is played. When he hears the tone, Joe sits properly and the tone stops. the tone is a.....
- Adistracting stimuli
- Breward
- Cpunishment
- Dpunishers
30if an event has no impact on the future probability of behaviour reoccurring it is termed
- Apositive event
- Bneutral event
- Cnegative event
- Dpast event
31the ABC of learning is also known as the...
- Athree term contingency
- Bcognition
- Crespondent
- Devokes
32a 2 year old throws tantrums every time she is put into bed. as soon as she starts to throw the tantrum, her parents rush into her room and cuddle her. This happens every time she is put into bed. the cuddling may be acting as...
- Apositive reinforcement
- Bpositive punishment
- Cnegative reinforcement
- Dnegative punisment
33asking an expert is one way of conducting task analysis
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
34Keon was teaching his best friend Gloria to do squats at the gym. He praised her when she did it correctly and did nothing when she did it incorrectly. This is an example of differential reinforcement
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
35the coach praised the footballer Mitch when he correctly passed the ball and ignored him when he incorrectly passed the ball. The proceedure increased correct passing. What proceedure is this?
- Ashaping
- Bchaining
- Cdifferential reinforment
- Dreinforcement
- Eextinction
36extinction bursts are responsible for the emergences of new behaviours
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
37the rule governed behaviour is a likely reason that behavioural contracts are effective
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
38a behavioural contract states the _______ that will be administered contingent on the occurance of the behaviour
- Areinforcement
- Bconsequence
- Ccontingent
- Dpunishment
39Tom writes a behavioural contract his parents stating that he will be able to use the family car on weekends if he has completed a specific number of chores during the week. Tom and his parents have written a behavioural contract involving a ______ contingency
- Apositive reinforcement
- Bnegative reinforcment
- Cpositive punishment
- Dnegative punishment
40what is the first thing that should be done before implimenting shaping
- Aidentify the starting behaviour
- Bchoose the shaping steps
- Cdefine the target behaviour
- Dchoose the reinforcer
41which of the following is not a chaining proceedure
- Abackward chaining
- Btotal task chaining
- Cforward chaining
- Dcontingency chaining
42differential reinforcement is the ______ of one behaviour and the ______ of another behaviour in a situation
- Areinforcement; extinction
- Bpunishment; extinction
- Cextinction; reinforcement
- Dpunishment; reinforcement
43Laura is a chef at a top quality resteraunt. Recently her manager has been giving her lots of praise and has commented on how well she runs the kitchen. The manager has suggested she applies for head chef, meaning she can oversea what happeng in the kithen. She goes home, tells her husband. Her husband explains that he is concerned she will be dealing with far too much stress is she applies for the new job, and that she would be better of staying as she is for now. his reaction is:
- Aactive-destrctive
- Bactive-constructive
- Cpassive-constructive
- Dpassive-destructive
44after winning the gold medal at his local swimming competition, Jack calls his dad to let him know how well he's done. His dad couldn't be happier, and tells him that he knew he was going to win. He asks Jack to give him a recap of how each race went and decides to throw an impromtu surprise party to celebrate his success. This reaction could be considered:
- Aactive-destructive
- Bactive-constructive
- Cpassive-constructive
- Dpassive-destructive
45Every night your friend calls and wants to tell you about everything that has happened to her day. It's really difficult to get her to stop talking but she has recently got engaged and wants to let you know every little detail. Instead of being happy for her, you simply tell her "that's great news, although im tired so im going to need to head off to bed soon, ive had a hard day at word today". You manage to take the conversation away from her to you. Your response would be considered:
- Aactive-destructive
- Bactive-constructive
- Cpassive-constructive
- Dpassive-destructive
46Currently in her third year of her degree, Lindsay's personal goal is to graduate with a first, and lately her grades have been increasing. One of her lecturers lets her know that she only needs 10% ore to achieve a first class degree and so she organises a meeting with her personal tutor to discuss this. She lets her tutor know and tells him how excited she is, however her tutor completly ignores her and instead asks if she would like to help out in one of the first year statistic classes. The tutors reaction is considered:
- Aactive-constructive
- Bactive-destructive
- Cpassive-constructive
- Dpassive-destructive
47which type of resilience matches with: regular physical activity
- Asocial reilience
- Bmental resiliance
- Cphysical resilience
- Demotional resilience
48which type of resilience matches with regular socialising with close friends and family
- Asocial resilience
- Bmental resilience
- Cphysical resilience
- Demotional resiliece
49which type of resilience matches with working towards valued goals
- Asocial resiliance
- Bmental resilence
- Cphysical resilience
- Demotional resilience
50enjoying daily experiences which are congruent with our values
- Asocial resilience
- Bmental resilience
- Cphysical resilience
- Demotional resilience
51Self-blaming individuals are more likely to show high anxiety. This correlation is...
- Anegative
- Bunknown
- Cneutral
- Dpositive
52passive-destructive responding has a ____ correlation with happiness in a relationship
- Anegative
- Bpositive
- Cneutral
- Dunknown
53all of the following techniques to promote savouring except
- Amemory-building
- Babsorption
- Csharing with others
- Dmindfulness
54active-constructive responding has a _____ correlation with happiness in a relationship
- Apositive
- Bnegative
- Cneutral
- Dunknown
55I get to watch my new favourite series after I go to the gym. This is an example of Premack Principle
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
56I love cheesecake and save it for special occasions like after completing my assignment. Cheescake is contingent upon assignment completion
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
57The ABCs of positive psychology are:
- Aantecedent, belief, consequence mood
- Bantecedent, behaviour, consequence mood
- Cadversity, behaviour, consequent mood
- Dadversity, belief, consequent mood
58strenghts are at the very core of the agenda of positive psychology
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
59the main reasons that games are so engaging are that (choose two)
- Athere are specific rules in place to describe what happens when we engage in behaviours
- Bthey manipulates the SDs in our natural environment
- Cthere are clear antecedents and reinforcers for behaviours
- Dthey teach social skills in a contrived format
- Ethey provide higher quality reinforcers in the real world
60an instruction specifies different parts of the three-term contingency. Which of the following would be considered an instruction
- Ago to bed, now
- Bif you go to bed now then you'll get a good nights sleep
- Cwhen it gets to 10pm you should go to bed so you will get 8 hours sleep
- Dall of the above
- Eif you go to bed now then you'll get a good nights sleep & when it gets to 10 pm you should go to bed to get 8hours sleep
61if you could earn points in a game, these are intended function as
- Aprimary reinforcers
- Bas MO manipulation
- CSDs
- Dconditioned reinforcers
- Eresponse costs
62which of the following is an example of a negative reinforcement contingency
- Athe player reaches a part of the game which is too difficult to complete and has to attempt that level multiple times before finally giving up
- Bevery time the player gets hit by a certain enemy they lose some of the points they have earned so far in the game
- Cwhen the player is infected they are unable to run and the screen pulses red, the player uses one of their health packs to cure the infection so they can run again and the screen returns to normal
63which of the following is used the couch to 5k app
- Achaining of behaviours
- Bdiscrete trial teaching (DTI)
- Cantecedent manipulations
- Dshaping of latency
- Eshaping of duration
64the application of the game elements to non-game activities
- Agamification
- Bcountercontrol
- Cheirarchy
- Drule
65a graduated set of stimuli the evoke of fear responses
- Ashaping
- Bcountercontrol
- Cheirachy
- Dresponse
66a method of reinforcing succesive approximations of a behaviour
- Apunishment
- Bshaping
- Cnegative/positve
- Dreinforcement
67the type of reinforcer that is unlearned eg food
- Aunconditions
- Bneutral
- Cunconditioned
- Dpunisher
68the type of reinforcement that occurs when an aversive stimulus is removed
- Acountercontrol
- Bnegative
- Cpositve
- Dpunishment
69operant behaviour that functions to oppose aversive control or coercion
- Acounter control
- Boperant
- Ccontingency
- Dduration
70a record of the number of times a behaviour occurs
- Aduration
- Bfrequency
- Ccharted
- Drepitition
71a single occurrence of a behaviour
- Aresponse
- Breturn
- Cfeedback
- Drespond
72the type of learning that occurs by contacting consequences
- Aclassical
- Bconditioned
- Coperant
- Dreinforcement
73the underlying philosophy of applied behaviour analysis
- Abehaviourism
- Bcountercontrol
- Cchain
- Dresponse
74a type of contract that specifies a behaviour, antecedent conditions and arranged reinforcers
- Areinforcers
- Bcontingency
- Cpunishers
- Dheirarchy
75a stimulus that reduces the future probability of a response when delivered contingent on that response
- Apunisher
- Bnegative
- Creinforcer
- Dpositive
76a verbal antecedent that states a contingency
- Arule
- Bguideline
- Cruling
- Dreguation
77withholding or removing the reinforcer for a previously reinforced behaviour
- Aremoval
- Bchange
- Cextinction
- Dget-rid
78a sequence of behaviours, the completion of which is the discrimitive stimulus for the next
- Aroutine
- Bchain
- Cregular
- Dordinary
79a measure of the amount of time during which a behaviour occured
- Acontinuation
- Bextension
- Cduration
- Dperiod
80"our social problems are behavioural problems"
- Abaum
- Binductive
- Ccoercion
- Dcomplience
81behaviour is one individual can then act as an atecedent for another
- Ainterlocking behavioural contingency
- Boperant behaviour
- Crule-governed behaviour
- Dhypothetico-deductive
82forming hypothesis and then experimenting
- Aaversive contingency
- Bhypothetico-deductive
- Cinterlocking behavioural contingency
- Dcoercion
83holding someone responisible for their actions
- Anegative reinforcement
- Bnegative punishment
- Cpunishment procedure
- Dcomplience
84experimenting first, then forming a hypothesis
- Ahypothetico-deductive
- Binductive
- Cbaum
- Dcoercion
85no contact with a contingency but your behaviour changes
- Arule governed behaviour
- Bpositive reinforcement
- Cnegative reinforcement
- Dreinforcement
86fake shootings that prevented people from leaving the Jim Jones cult
- Anegative reinforcement
- Bpositive reinforcement
- Cnegative punishment
- Dpositive punishment
87threats to achieve complience from people
- Apositive stimulus
- Bneutral stimulus
- Cdiscrimitive stimulus
- Dnegative stimulus
88reinforcer for a controller
- Acompliance
- Baversive contingency
- Cinductive
- Dbaum
89people may make promises to a controller that they will work harder contingent in higher wages
- Anegative reinforcement
- Bpositive reinforcement
- Cnegative punishment
- Dpositive punishment
90when a controlee doesn't comply with an instruction therefore gets put into solitary confinement
- Aoperant behaviour
- Baversive contingency
- Cinterlocking behavioural contingency
- Drule governed behaviour
91an action can be modified by its consequence
- Aoperant behaviour
- Binterlocking behavioural contingency
- Caversive contingency
- Ddiscrimitive stimulus
92not feeling free
- Acoercion
- Bcomplience
- Cbaum
- Dinduction
93non-behavioural perspectives term "thoughts and feelings" as what?
- Aemotions
- Binternal conditions
- Cprivate events
- Dprivate thoughts
94which one of these terms is not one of the three elements of hapiness
- Acontacting negative events infrequent
- Bcontacting negative emotions infrequently
- Cfeeling satisfied with your life
- Dexperiencing frequent positive emotions
95how do optimisitic people interpret positive events?
- Atransient
- Bexternal
- Cinternal
- Dspecific
96how many steps are involved in reaching self-efficacy?
- A20
- B8
- C9
- D6
97in order for your goal to be achievable, it must be
- Anegative
- Bpositive
- Crealisitic
- Doptimistic
98which of the following researchers first studied operant behaviour
- Ahayes
- Bskinner
- Charlow
- Dlorenz
99daisy bites her younger sister. Her mother gives Daisy a 5 minute time out. Daisy has stopped biting her younger sister from now. This behaviour has been...
- Areinforced
- Bstopped
- Cpunished
- Dwe do not have the full information to know
100a respondent behaviour may also be termed as a
- Acognition
- Breflex
- CMO
- DsD
101when a stimulus is added to the environment, which then increases the frequency of a future behaviour, the behaviour is said to have been
- Areinforced
- Bincreased
- Cpunished
- Dneutralised
102which one of these is not a step toward self-efficacy?
- Akeep track of improvements
- Bdon't let private events hold you back
- Cask for feedback
- Ddistinguish past from present
103the period of heightened behaviour after reinforcement is stopped is known as
- Apositive reinforcement
- Brespondent behaviour
- Cextinction burst
- Dconditioned response
104optimism encourages
- Apostive coping strategies
- Bfacing challenges in life
- Chope for positve future
- Dall of the above
105according to Seilgman, how do optimists judge negative events?
- Ainternal/stable/specific
- Bexternal/stable/global
- Cexternal/transient/specific
- Dnone of the above
106a _____ identifies the availibility of reinforcement
- Amotivation operations
- Babolishing stimulus
- Cestablishing stimulus
- Ddiscrimitive stimulus
107A child is screaming for his mother to give him attention. He throws his toys all over the floor and hits the wall. His mother tries her best to ignore him but ends up giving in. This continues every night before bed. The mothers behaviour is being...
- Anegatively reinforced
- Bpositively reinforced
- Cpositively punished
- Dnegatively punished
108when a neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with an unconditioned stimulus it will elicit what type of response?
- Aneutral response
- Bconditioned response
- Cunconditioned response
- Dall of the above
109when trying to reduce food consumption, the new italian resteraunts installs difficult to use self-service machines. this manipulation should
- Aincrease deley
- Breduce response effort
- Cincrease response effort
- Dreinforce eating behaviour
110Lily only smokes when she goes out with her group of friends from work. At home she finds the behaviour disgusting. Her smoking behaviour is
- Aaversive
- Bpunishing
- Cunder stimulus control
- Dcontrolled by peer pressure
111an "open" sign on a shop door is an example of
- Aa neutral stimulus
- Ba discrimitive stimulus
- Ca motivating operation
- Da consequence
112john has hayfever. Her takes hayfever tablets to stop his constant sneezing. In this situation, the MO is
- Astopping sneezing
- Btaking the pill
- Chayfever
- Dthe pill
113contactless payments are used to
- Areduce aversive contingencies
- Bemit optimism
- Cincrease response effort
- Dreduce response effort
114abolishing and establishing operations are examples of
- Aconsequences
- Bprivate events
- Cbehaviour
- Dantecedents
115emma has hip pain. she rubs her hip to get pain relief. the pain being removed is an example of
- Abehaviour
- Bantecedent manipulation
- Ca consequence
- Dall of the above
116what is the correct order of the 4 term contingency
- ASD, MO, B, Consequence
- BMO, B, SD, Consequence
- CMO, SD, B, Consequence
- Dnone of the above
117what behaviour does the term 'emit' refer to?
- Apavlovian
- Boperant
- Crespondent
- Dbehaviours in the presence of MOs
118In the following scenario what is the discrimitive stimulus?
- Ausing the mop to wipe the floor
- Bspilled milk on the floor
- Cmop in the cupboard
- Dclean kitchen
119which of these statements is true?
- Adecreasing response effort increases behaviour
- Bresponse effort has no impact on behaviour
- Cincreasing response effort increases behaviour
- Ddecreasing response effort decreases behaviour
120decreasing how tasty a meal is at a restaurant to stop from eating unhealthy foods is an example of what type of manipulation?
- AMO
- BSD
- Cbehavioural
- Dresponse effort
121what is an example of a conditioned motivating operation?
- Awater deprivation
- Bbeing over heated
- Ccalling a security guard when hearing a suspicious noise
- Dall of the above
122which of the following is not a UMO
- Asleep
- Bfood
- Cwarning signal
- Dbright light
123this is a type of MO that increase the current effectiveness of a reinforcer
- AAO
- BEO
- CCMO
- Dnone of the above
124taking a painkiller when suffering from a headache is an example of
- Apositive reinforcement
- Bpositive punishment
- Cnegative punishment
- Dnegative reinforcement
125which of the following is an antecedent manipulation
- Aaltering response effort
- Barranging SD
- Cmanipulating MOs
- Dall of the above
126which of the following statments are true
- Aan MO lets you know the availability of reinforcement
- Bdiscrimitive stimuli change the value of reinforcers
- Cthe MO has to be present for a discrimitive stimulus to be influential
- Da reinforcer is always something pleasent
127in 1970, Isen found that suprising someone with money in a pay phone was likely to make them more
- Aself-confident
- Bhappy in the long term
- Clikely to use the pay phone in the future
- Daltruistic
128Sarah's teacher tells her that is she continues to talk she will have to remover her from the class as punishment. despite this, Sarah still constantly talks in class and the teacher has to remove her. at a meeting with Sarah's parents, the teacher explains that this is an effective punishment. why is she wrong?
- ASarah's behaviour is being controlled by internal private events
- BSarah's talking is not decreasing
- CSarah's talking is reinforcing other students talking behaviour
- Dall of the above
129how would an optimistic person percieve a positive event?
- Aexternal/transient/specific
- Binternal/transient/specific
- Cinternal/stable/global
- Dinternal/transient/global
130pavlov is known for his famous experiment that used dogs as pp. every time that the bell rang, the dog salivated due to the pairing that had been made previously. before pairing, the bell was a
- AMO
- Bneutral stimulus
- CSD
- DUMO
131EOs and AOs were originally termed as
- Aprivate events
- Bcognition
- Csatiation and deprivation
- Dnone of the above
132which of the following is not a method of achieving goals
- Aconstant engagement in behaviour
- Btaking small steps
- Cfocusing on the outcome not process
- Dfocusing on the processes and not the outcome
Información
- Descripción
- hard (year one ) Psychology Test sobre Learning to be happy , creado por Sarah Warburton el 04/03/2018.
- Autor
- Sarah Warburton
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 73
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