Lameness in Cattle

1. 1Lameness -Mobility Scores
   0: sound, walking with [blank_start]normal rhythm[blank_end] and flat back. [blank_start]Long[blank_end] and [blank_start]fluid[blank_end] strides.
   
   1: [blank_start]uneven[blank_end] steps, with unnormal rhythm or [blank_start]weight[blank_end] [blank_start]bearing[blank_end]. Can see that it is not sound but may be hard to identify which leg the animal is lame on.
   
   2: uneven weight bearing and [blank_start]easily[blank_end] [blank_start]identifiable[blank_end] [blank_start]which[blank_end] [blank_start]limb[blank_end] [blank_start]they[blank_end] [blank_start]are[blank_end] [blank_start]lame[blank_end] [blank_start]on[blank_end].
   
   3: [blank_start]obvious which limb they are lame on[blank_end] and [blank_start]hunched[blank_end], cannot [blank_start]keep up with the herd.[blank_end]

   1. Anormal rhythm
   2. BLong
   3. Cfluid
   4. Duneven
   5. Eweight
   6. Fbearing
   7. Geasily
   8. Hidentifiable
   9. Iwhich
   10. Jlimb
   11. Kthey
   12. Lare
   13. Mlame
   14. Non
   15. Oobvious which limb they are lame on
   16. Phunched
   17. Qkeep up with the herd.
2. 2 • Lack of staff time
   • No [blank_start]skilled labour[blank_end]
   • Poor [blank_start]facilities[blank_end]
   • Unpopular task (boring)
   • Lack of [blank_start]information[blank_end]
   • Little [blank_start]perceived[blank_end] [blank_start]benefit[blank_end]

   1. Askilled labour
   2. Bfacilities
   3. Cinformation
   4. Dperceived
   5. Ebenefit
3. 3Tick the possible treatment options for lameness

   1. Atrimming
   2. Banti-inflammatories
   3. Cblocks
   4. Dblanket antibiotics
4. 4How many times a year do you have to trim a cow's foot? When should this be done?

   1. A2x a year
      dry period and another 75-100 days into lactation.
   2. B1 x yearly + if they are lame
      around 50 days into lactation
   3. C3x year - mid-lactation, calving, at the drying off period
   4. D2x yearly - dry period and another 100-200 days into lactation.
5. 5What is the bacteria that causes digital dermatitis?

   1. ATreponema bovis
   2. BFusobacterium necrophorum
   3. CStaph aureus
   4. DDichelobacter nodosus
6. 6T/F: you get immunity for digital dermatitis

   1. AVerdadero
   2. BFalso
7. 7Treatment for digital dermatitis

   1. Atopical antibiotics 3 days
   2. Btopical antibiotics 10 days
   3. Csystemic antibiotics repeated after 3 days
   4. Dfootbaths only
8. 8Footbaths Suitability
   • [blank_start]4m[blank_end] long min + [blank_start]2.5m[blank_end] wide
   • Ensure that it is not [blank_start]diluted[blank_end]
   • Needs to be kept [blank_start]fresh[blank_end]
   • Chemical change every 200 cows (at least)
   • Need to make sure that the [blank_start]whole of the hoof[blank_end] is covered and so go deeper than the hoof as water will be lost over time with each cow.
   

   1. A4m
   2. B2.5m
   3. Cfresh
   4. Ddiluted
   5. Ewhole of the hoof
9. 9What are each of these pictures showing?

   

   1. Agranulomatous solar ulcer
   2. Bsolar ulcer
   3. Csolar bruising
   4. Dsolar bruising
10. 10The method of foot trimming that is carried out is the [blank_start]Dutch[blank_end] [blank_start]5-step[blank_end] [blank_start]method[blank_end]

    1. ADutch
    2. B5-step
    3. Cmethod

11. 11Cows should be laying down for how many hours a day?

    1. A12 hours
    2. B10 hours
    3. C8 hours
    4. D15 hours
12. 12When do dairy cows eat and drink the most in the day?

    1. Aafter milking
    2. Bbefore milking
    3. Cbefore sleeping
    4. Dafter waking up in the morning
    5. Eeven consumption throughout the day
13. 13T/F: the BCS of cows will directly affect if they have lameness or not?

    1. AVerdadero
    2. BFalso
14. 14 - Wide passage ways and no narrow corners
    - Scraping the slats
    - Not walking through poo
    - Pouring out the water bucket to clean the floor and refresh water 2x day
    DON'T FORGET ABOUT THE DRYING COWS
    This is good preventative control for which of the following?

    1. ADigital dermatitis
    2. BWhite line disease
    3. CSolar ulcers
    4. DClaw disease
15. 15 - Sudden turning forces (coming out of parlour)
    - Stocking density high - tight maneuverers
    - Cow flow
    - Cow handling
    - Abrupt turns
    Uneven flooring
    
    The above will predispose which disease?

    1. AWhite line disease
    2. BFractures
    3. CJoint disease
    4. DClaw disease
    5. EDigital dermatitis
16. 16Which are the main differentials for animals that are 5/5 lame? (Hopping lame)

    1. Asolar ulcers - granuloma
    2. Bwhite line abscess
    3. Cfracture
    4. Ddigital dermatitis
    5. Esolar bruising
17. 17T/F: lameness less likley to be seen in the higher performance cows

    1. AVerdadero
    2. BFalso
18. 18On average what proportion of dairy cattle will be lame on an average farm?

    1. A50%
    2. B80%
    3. C25%
    4. D60%
19. 19Lameness is more likely on the [blank_start]hindlimbs[blank_end] due to the outward swing needed to move the leg around the [blank_start]udder[blank_end], the [blank_start]outer[blank_end] claw more likely to be affected here.
    If on the [blank_start]front[blank_end] limbs then the [blank_start]inner[blank_end] claw more likely to be affected.

    1. Ahindlimbs
    2. Bforelimbs
    3. Cudder
    4. Dobstacles
    5. Eneck
    6. Fouter
    7. Ginner
    8. Hfront
    9. Iback
    10. Jinner
    11. Kouter
20. 20Match the labels - basically I am trying to ask where there is often pathology (due to the anatomy of the foot) but couldn't find other way to ask it

    

    1. AArea where there are commonly issues
    2. Bfat pad
    3. C-
    4. D?
21. 21When trimming the hoof the length of the hoof from the coronary band to the toe tip should be [blank_start]8 cm[blank_end]
    The then you will trim until you see the [blank_start]white line[blank_end] all the way around

    1. A8 cm
    2. Bwhite line
22. 22Step 1 described in previous Q
    [blank_start]Step 3[blank_end]: remove the overgrowth in non-weight-bearing area
    [blank_start]Step 2[blank_end]: cut other claw to be the same (this should be the healthy claw)
    [blank_start]Step 5[blank_end]: Remove any loose horn and hard ridges
    
    [blank_start]Step 4[blank_end]: Leave as much on healthy claw as poss and remove as much from the non-healthy claw as poss

    1. AStep 3
    2. BStep 2
    3. CStep 5
    4. DStep 4
23. 23Match the areas of the hoof to the description.

    

    1. Asecondary weight bearing region
    2. Bnon-weight bearing region
    3. Cprimary weight bearing region
24. 24What are the 3 factors in the overgrowth cycle?
    increased [blank_start]pressure[blank_end] changes
    increased [blank_start]growth[blank_end] [blank_start]rate[blank_end]
    Abnormal [blank_start]weight[blank_end] [blank_start]distribution[blank_end]

    1. Aweight
    2. Bdistribution
    3. Cpressure
    4. Dgrowth
    5. Erate

Descripción

(BVMS4 ) Veterinary Medicine Test sobre Lameness in Cattle , creado por Ella Gordon el 15/10/2023.

Autor

Ella Gordon

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