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interpretivism

niamh bergin Sociology A level Inglés 48 fichas

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  1. 1who had huge reservations about positivism and argue that there is an important difference between the subject matter of sociology and the subject matter of the natural sciencesMax Weber
  2. 2weber rejected the view that humans can be treated like objects - he noted that people are what ??active and conscious beings with free will
  3. 3weber argues that subject matter of natural sciences such as atoms, elements, gravity , plants is not comparable to human beings why ?because they are not conscious or self-aware - they so not act with purpose
  4. 4webers ideas led to the development of interpretivism - interpretivist sociologists reject the positivist view of what ?that human behaviour is determined and shaped by social structure or social laws
  5. 5interpretivists also reject the idea that humans are what?predicatable
  6. 6interpretivist sociologists argue people are what ?active creators of their own destinies as they are conscious beings who act with intention and purpose
  7. 7interpretivists believe that society is what ?socially constructed
  8. 8interpretivists believe society is the product of two social processes - the first being what ?people choose to come together to interact in social groups
  9. 9what is the second social process according to weber ?weber argues what makes an interaction 'social' is that all those who take part give it the same meaning - they all interpret what is happening in broadly the same way - they all share the same sense of what is going on
  10. 10weber concludes that if we are to explain some event in the social world, our explanation has to do what ?to take into account what the people involved feel and think about
  11. 11weber argues we must not regard people simply as helpless puppets - instead we need to acknowledge that society is a social construct in that it is what ???the net sum of all social interactions and the interpretations or meanings that underpin them
  12. 12ATKINSON (1978) - CORONERS AND SUICIDE: Atkinson's study of the work of coroners and suicides was a interpretivist critique of what ?Durkheims positivist study of suicide
  13. 13ATKINSON (1978) - CORONERS AND SUICIDE: atkinson was very critical of durkheims use of official suicide statistics - why ?because Durkheim failed to appreciated that these are socially constructed
  14. 14ATKINSON (1978) - CORONERS AND SUICIDE: what does atkinson say about suicide statistics ?that they are the end result of an interaction between the victim, their family and friends and the coroner
  15. 15ATKINSON (1978) - CORONERS AND SUICIDE: what does atkinson say is the coroners function is ?to interpret how people have died and to officially apply one of 5 possible labels or categories - thus creating an official death statistic
  16. 16ATKINSON (1978) - CORONERS AND SUICIDE: summarise atkinson's studyatkinson's study argues against the Durkheim's positivist study of suicide and suggests that offical stats of it are socially constructed
  17. 17who further developed weber's ideas, demonstrating that people's sense of self can only develop in a social context ???Mead
  18. 18mead argues that an important part of the socialisation of children was what ?learning how to interpret every interaction they found themselves by putting themselves in other peoples shoes
  19. 19mead observed that the central feature of social life is that actions are the result of what ?people's interpretations of the situation that they are in and people's interpretation of the actions of others and react according to their interp
  20. 20when interps arent shared what can happen ?social breakdown
  21. 21mead concludes that the causes of social action lie in what ?people's 'definition of the situation'
  22. 22define verstehenan empathetic understanding of human behaviour - see the world from their standpoin
  23. 23interpretivists see what as more important than objectivity and reliabilityvalidity
  24. 24interpretivists suggest that positivists emphasis on reliability can result in what ?researcher imposition
  25. 25what is researcher impositionwhen researchers unintentionally impose their own views or framework on the research subjects and may neglect what the subjects really think
  26. 26interpretivists claim their research approach ensures validity in a number of ways: interp research methods are what ?ethnographic
  27. 27interpretivists claim their research approach ensures validity in a number of ways: what does ethnographic meanthe methods involve trying to understand social behaviour and the organisation of societies and cultures by going out and talking to people at any point in their day to day lives
  28. 28interpretivists claim their research approach ensures validity in a number of ways: ethnographic research involves the insertion of the researcher in to what ?everyday world and natural setting of the subject with minimum fuss
  29. 29define rapporta close / unique / trusting relationship
  30. 30interpretivists claim their research approach ensures validity in a number of ways: interps strongly believe that rapport should be established with those being studied - why ?so that a true picture of their lives is constructed
  31. 31interpretivists claim their research approach ensures validity in a number of ways: interp research endeavours to get inside people's heads and to experience the world from the research subject's point of view - its therefore essential to validity the sociologist is able to establish what ?verstehen
  32. 32interps prefer what data ?qualitative
  33. 33what is qualitative data ??data which is in the form of words
  34. 34what is the difference between objectivity and subjectivityobjectivity means the researcher is not interfering or influencing research with their own personal views
    subjectivity means the researchers views and feelings have influenced the research
  35. 35why do interps prefer primary research methods, such as, unstructured interviews ??because of their naturalistic conversational stye and observation - especially the covert kind
  36. 36interps are also keen on secondary data, in which the research subjects interpretation of reality is paramount - such as what ?diaries and letters
  37. 37POSITIVIST CRITIQUE ON INTERPS: positivists say interp methods are often unscientific and unstructured - why ?as it focuses on naturally occurring behaviour + interps make no attempt to control possible influential independent variables or causes
  38. 38POSITIVIST CRITIQUE ON INTERPS: interps research required the researcher to be part of the study - which consequently there is always a possibility for what ?that their presence may become obtrusive and influence the behaviour that is being researched
  39. 39POSITIVIST CRITIQUE ON INTERPS: it is not possible to judge what from ethnographic research ?whether the social context or the people studied are in any way typical or representative
  40. 40POSITIVIST CRITIQUE ON INTERPS: research and data is difficult to replicate and therefore verify whyy ??because much of it is the product of unique rapport that the researcher has built up with members of the group
  41. 41POSITIVIST CRITIQUE ON INTERPS: the qualitative data that interp sociologists use may be what ??biased
  42. 42POSITIVIST CRITIQUE ON INTERPS: why could this qualitative data be biased ?because it is the result of the researcher's subjective and selective interpretations - researcher has experienced thousands and interactions but in practice only a few can be selected for analysis and publication
  43. 43POSITIVIST CRITIQUE ON INTERPS: qualitative data can be seen as unrepresentative as it may have been only selected why ???because it supports the researchers point of view
  44. 44POSITIVIST CRITIQUE ON INTERPS: ethnography is criticised as a methodological approach why ??because it involves too narrow a view of the group or institution studied - the researcher usually does not study the wider context within
  45. 45what is reflexivity ??sociologists attempting to counter criticism by keeping diaries and documenting the trials of every stage - as a form of evaluation
  46. 46REFLEXIVITY : researches reflect critically on how they organised the research process, what is the purpose of reflexivity ??the purpose is to document how the researchers role might undermine the validity of the findings - it is a recognition that the research team might be contributing to the way research subects interp the problem
  47. 47THIRD WAY ? not all researchers are happy with the positivist / interp divide that is supposed to exist - some critics have even gone as far to say what about the divide?there is no such divide that actually exists in the real world because many researchers acknowledge the people's social actions are a result of a combination of free will + constructional constraints
  48. 48THIRD WAY ? critics point out it is rare to find researchers who exclusively use positivist or interpretivist methods most researchers use whatever methods that work best - which is what ?a combination of both

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A level (research methods) Sociology Fichas sobre interpretivism, creado por niamh bergin el 31/10/2017.
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