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Psychodynamic Theory of Offending
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- 1Weak SuperegoNo same sex parent during the phallic stage, so the child does not have the opportunity to identify with the parents moral code. The child grows up with no firm idea of right and wrong, the superego is not sufficiently punitive and the person does not feel guilt therefore they show no inhibition
- 2Deviant SuperegoThe same sex parent whom the child identifies with is an immoral person. The child then internalises a moral code that is deviant. The person views of right and wrong are at odds with the rest of society
- 3Over-Harsh SuperegoThe childs superego is excessively punitive and demanding of guilt, leading the child to seek out opportunities to be punished chastised. The person engages in compulsive criminal behaviour because of their unconscious desire to be punished
- 4Defense Mechanisms-Denial
-Rationalisation
-Displacement
-Sublimation - 5DenialA person refuses to accept that an unpleasant event is happening because to acknowledge it would be too disturbing. A person who commits a series of murders can refuse to accept that they are happening or to recognise the severity of their actions
- 6RationalisationExplains unacceptable behaviour in a rational and acceptable way, eg people who attack women who dresses provocatively could rationalise it by seeing these women as a scourge on decent society and they should be taught a lesson
- 7DisplacementAn individual takes out their anger and frustration on a substitute object, therefore someone who is angry, at their girlfriend for example, may attack a random person on the street
- 8SublimationRedirecting normally primitive impulses into more acceptable activities, eg a person who wants to rape and murder might seek out a prostitute for violent sexual activity
- 9Maternal DeprivationBowlby - Suggests that being deprived of a continuous loving relationship with the mother in the first 2 years results in irreversible damage including delinquency, affectionless psychopathy etc.
Klein - Affectionless psychopathy - A permanent lack of feeling for others
Can explain many types of offending as most offenders appear to have no feelings for victims and some have below average intelligence. - 10EvaluationMany people without a same sex parent grow up to be perfectly law abiding
According to Freud, males should be more moral but figures show the opposite
Defense mechanisms are unconscious and cannot be tested
Bowlby's study - Retrospective, so simple cause and effect relationship - 11Inadequate SuperegoBlackburn stater that 3 types of superego result in a person demonstrating offending behaviour
- Weak Superego
- Deviant superego
- Over-harsh superego
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- A-Levels (PSYB3 - Forensic Psychology) Psychology Fichas sobre Psychodynamic Theory of Offending, creado por Adam O'Rourke el 09/06/2013.
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- Adam O'Rourke
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