Fichas
Key Terms and Definitions
Fichas del conjunto (28)
- 1InnateRelating to a behaviour, ability, disposition or characteristic that is present from birth rather than being acquired through experience.
- 2CraniometryThe study of people's intellectual abilities based on the shape and size of their head.
- 3NeurologyThe scientific study of the brain and the nervous system.
- 4Confirmatory biasWhen a scientist's expectations unconsciously influence the outcome of their research.
- 5PsychometricsA field of study in psychology concerned with psychological measurement of things like attitudes, personality traits, mood or intelligence.
- 6PersonalityA person's stable and enduring traits and characteristics, which lead them to behave in a steady way over time.
- 7Individual differencesAny characteristics that are susceptible to variation between individuals.
- 8Battery of testsA series of tests aimed at measuring the same thing.
- 9ScaleA term often used instead of 'test' to measure a construct that cannot be directly measured.
- 10Test normsBenchmarks used to assess and individual's performance on tests.
- 11Test standardisationThe process of establishing test norms be administering the test to a large sample of the population for which the test is intended.
- 12CorrelationA measure of an association between two events or things.
- 13g, or general intelligenceThe factor believed to underpin performance on different tasks in an intelligence test.
- 14Intelligence quotient (IQ)A score on an intelligence test which indicates how a person's intellectual ability compares to the general population.
- 15Normal distributionThe assumption that characteristics which vary between people will be distributed across the population in such a way that values at or close to the average will be more frequent than extreme ones.
- 16Working MemoryThe kind of memory that is used for temporarily storing and managing information required to carry out a task.
- 17Fluid IntelligenceThe ability to think logically and solve problems, which is independent of acquired knowledge or experience.
- 18Crystallised intelligenceThe ability to apply acquired skills, knowledge and experience to novel situations.
- 19TheoryA set of propositions about a psychological phenomenon which forms the basis of an explanation.
- 20ValidityThe extent to which a test measures what it has been designed to measure.
- 21Eugenics MovementA movement that advocated the improvement of human genetics through the promotion of reproduction of people with desired traits and limiting reproduction of people with undesirable traits.
- 22Scientific RacismThe manipulation of scientific theories and methods to justify the belief in racial superiority or inferiority.
- 23Genetic CodeThe rules which govern how information encoded within genetic material (the DNA) will be translated into proteins, the building blocks of any living organism.
- 24HeritabilityThe extent to which differences in a trait, characteristic or ability within a population is due to genetic differences.
- 25Human genomeThe complete set of genetic information contained in the human DNA.
- 26EthicsPrinciples that determine right and wrong conduct.
- 27Heritability estimateAn estimate of the extent to which variability in intelligence in the population is accounted for by variability in genes.
- 28Equal Environment Assumption.The assumption in twin studies that twin pairs raised together experience roughly equal environments.
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- Descripción
- Flashcards with the key terms and definitions for Investigating Psychology.
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- Bekki
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