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Exam Review terms start #33

victoria russ World History ENEM Inglés 23 fichas

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1Phoeniciansknown as sailors; depended on the Mediterranean Sea for trade; developed 1st alphabet
2Ancient Sumer (the Sumerians)located in Mesopotamia; 1st civilization; built ziggurats (temples to their gods); polytheistic; 1st writing (cuneiform)
3The Plague (aka Black Death)plague killed ⅓ of the pop.; important because end of feudalism; end of serfdom; so many people died laborers could demand $$$ for their work; beginnings of a middle working class; WEAKENED THE POWER OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH
4Silk Road (ex. cultural diffusion)trade route connected Europe & Asia for silk & spices from Asia; other things besides silk traveled along the Silk Road for ex. people, languages, religions, customs. etc
5Heliocentric Theory (by Copernicus)“helio” means “sun”-the sun is the center of the universe, and earth travels around the sun; replaced geocentric theory (geo=earth centered)
6—heliocentric theory (SUN-centered theory)
7John Locke & natural rights philosophyphilosopher believed in “natural rights” God-given rights- life, liberty, and property and govt. gets its power from the “consent of the governed” & right to revolt
8—
9Renaissance-term means "rebirth"
-renewed interest in ancient Greece & Rome
-urban cities
-secular (non-religious)
-artistic movement
-humanism (means emphasis on human achievement)
10—The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages.
11Impact of Industrialization/ aka Industrial RevolutionLate 1800’s. Goods were massed produced on assembly lines. New Weapons,-Machine Gun, Poison Gas), Barbed WireTrench Warfare, No Mans Land, Going “Over The Top”,Barbed Wire
12"Scramble for Africa"(also known as the Race for Africa or Partition of Africa) was the invasion, occupation,and colonization, of Africa by European powers during the period between 1881 and 1914.
13Triangular Trade/Middle Passagename for the slave trade; so many native Indians died from smallpox diseases African slaves were imported to the Americas to work on plantations
14—Triangular Slave Trade
15Martin Luther & his Protestant ReformationGerman monk protested the sell of indulgences; nailed his 95 Theses to a church door; causes a division in the Catholic Church; there’s a new church called Protestantism
16Enlightenment1700’s aka AGE OF REASON; philosophers held meetings called “salons”
17—How did the Enlightenment lead to the American Revolution?
18American Revolution“no taxation with representation”
D.O.I. (Declaration of Independence) written by T. Jefferson) inspired by John Locke & ideas of the Enlightenment
19The Glorious Revolution (1689, England)Long story-People of England did not want King James II to be king anymore. He would not allow them religious freedom. There is a revolution ( no bloodshed) Next, William & his wife,Mary ( the daughter of James II) are invited to England to rule in his place.
What you need to know:
The G.R. (Glorious Revolution) established a constitutional monarchy in England. King/queen a figurehead; real power rests with Parliament.
An English Bill of Rights followed the Glorious Revolution.
20English Bill of Rights
21French Revolutioninspired by the American Revolution; over differences in the 3 estates (social groups-clergy, nobility, everyone else); French people were starving & being taxed by the French King
22French Revolution
23Third Estate (French Revolution)