11775664
Description
Flashcards by Oliver Hall, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Oliver Hall
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Movement | The Action of an Organism Causing a Change in Position or Place |
| Respiration | The chemical reactiokns in cells that break down nutrient mollecules and release enrgy for metabolism |
| Sensitivity | The Ability to detect/sense stimuli in the internal or external enviroment and to make the appropriate responses |
| Growth | The permenant increase in size and dry mass by an increase in cell number or cell size or both |
| Reproduction | The processes that make more of the same kind of organism |
| Excretion | The removal from organisms of waste products of metabolism, toxic materials and substances in excess of requirements |
| Nutrition | The taking in of materials for energy, growth and development |
| Nutritional Needs of Plants | Light, CO2, Water, Ions |
| Nutritional Needs of Animals | Organic Compounds, Ions, Usually Water |
| Species | A group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring |
| Binomial System | The naming of a species by an internationally agreed system in which the scientific name of an animal is made up of 2 parts showing the genus and the species. |
| Diffusion | The net movement of particles form a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration, down a concentration gradient, as a result of random movement |
| Active Transport | The movement of particles from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration up a concentration gradient, using energy from respiration |
| Osmosis | The movement of water particles from a region of higher water potential (dilute) to a region of lower water potential (concentrated) through a partially permeable membrane |
| Xylem Function | Transports water and dissolved mineral salts-movement is always up the stem. This is a part of transpiration |
| Phloem Function | Transports organic products of photosynthesis i.e. salts. This is translocation |
| Pathway of Water When Entering Cell | Soil to root hair cell to root cortex cells to xylem to mesophyll cells |
| Transpiration | Loss of water vapour from plant leaves by evaporation of water at the surfaces of the mesophyll cells followed by diffusion of water vapour through the stomata |
| Stomata | Stomata control transpiration, when the stomata are open, water can escape, when it is closed, very little water can escape |
| Translocation | The movement of sucrose and amino acids in phloem from regions of production (source) to regions of storage or where they are used in respiration or growth (sink). |
| Photosynthesis | The process by which plants manufacture carbohydrates from raw materials using energy from light |
| Photosynthesis Word Equation | Carbon Dioxide + Water = Glucose + Oxygen (In the presence of light and chlorophyll) |
| Photosynthesis Equation | 6Co2 + 6H2O + C6H12O6 + 6O2 (In the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll) |
| Chlorophyll Use in Photosynthesis | Transfers light energy into chemical energy in molecules for the synthesis of carbohydrates |
| Limiting Factor | Something present in the environment in such short supply that it restricts a life process |
| Carbon Cycle | Photosynthesis, respiration, feeding, decomposition, fossilisation and combustion. |
| Nitrification | Occurs when organic material containing N compounds decompose and releases N into the soil in the form of ammonium ions. Nitrifying bacteria can produce N from these ions. This is nitrification. |
| Nitrogen Fixation | The process of bacteria converting N into a form that can be used by plants. |
| Eutrophication | The process by which farmers add nutrients to their water supply in order to increase yield. |
| Eutrophication Phases | 1.Increased algae/surface plant numbers. 2.Light cannot reach other aquatic organisms. 3.Decomposers e.g. bacteria increase in number due to having more food, therefore reducing O2 availability. 4.Other aqautic organisms die due to lack of O2 availibility. |
| Aerobic Respiration | The chemical reactions in cells that use O2 to break down nutrient molecules to release energy. |
| Aerobic Respiration Word Equation | glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water |
| Aerobic Respiration Chemical Equation | |
| Anaerobic Respiration Definition | The chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules to release energy without using oxygen. |
| Word Equations Anaerobic Respiration | Glucose=Lactic Acid Glucose=Alcohol +Carbon Dioxide |
| Chemical Equation Anaerobic Respiration | C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 |
| C Pairs With (DNA) | G |
| A Pairs With (DNA) | T |
| Far Away Object | Cillary muscles relax, lens becomes thin and wide |
| Near Object | Cillary muscles contract, lens bulges |
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