11855622
Description
Flashcards by Chloe Brown, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Chloe Brown
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Causes of Industrial Rev. | Agricultural Rev. Tech Rev. Enclosure Movement |
| Agricultural Rev. | Increased productivity on farms, ensuring that less people died of starvation, ultimately increasing the population |
| Technological Rev. | Many machines were invented, increasing productivity in many areas, and enticing entrepreneurs to invest their money in new business ventures |
| Enclosure Movement | Land owners bought up the land, putting many farmers out of work, leaving them looking for a job |
| James Watt | Invented the steam engine, which became the key power source of the Industrial Rev. |
| Joseph Lister | Discovered how antiseptics prevented infection and urged surgeons to sterilize instruments |
| Jethro Tull | Created seed drill, which allowed farmers to efficiently plant their crops, increasing the overall yield and ultimately helping to increase the population |
| Adam Smith | Wrote, The Wealth of Nations, and thought that the best economic system was having a free market |
| Louis Pasteur | Discovered that microbes caused disease in people, which lead to many vaccinations, as well as processees to kill microbes in drinks, such as milk |
| Corporation | Businesses that are owned by many investors who buy shares of stock |
| Enclosure | Process by which small plots of land shared by peasant farmers was taken over and consolidated into larger plots owned by wealthier land owners |
| Canals | Manmade waterways constructed to allow the passage of boats or ships inland |
| Urbanization | Movement of people to cities |
| Labor Unions | Workers organizations that help workers fight for things, like better wages and shorter work hours |
| Causes of Industrial Rev. in GB | Many natural resources such as coal and iron; population necessary to fuel the industrial workforce; wealthy business class with the capital available to invest in growing industries |
| What did rapid urbanization cause | Cities to grow quickly, dirty living conditions, overcrowding within cities |
| Middle Class | Comprised of merchants, entrepreneurs, and inventors who all greatly benefitted from industrialization |
| Why were women employed more | They did not have to be paid as much money as men |
| Why did people tolerate harsh woking conditions | Working class families needed the money they made in the factories to survive; working class people could not unionize to make their conditions better |
| How did Jeremy Bentham feel | Population growth would exceed the food supply causing mass starvation |
| Karl Marx | Theorized proletariat would overthrow the middle class and create a classless society |
| Totalitarianism | gov. system socialist countries usually have have |
| Capitalism | Economic system democratic countries usually have |
| Capitalist society | Means of production are privately owned |
| Bessemer process | allowed people to turn iron into steel; which allowed for the creation of skyscrapers |
| Anesthesia | relieved pain during surgeries, making patients more comfortable and less likely to go into shock; paralyzed people so they could not move during surgery, allowing doctors to experiment with new types of surgery |
| Henry Ford | revolutionized the assembly line, drastically increasing productivity |
| Monopolies | Destroy competition in order to control every aspect of an industry |
| Capital |
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