Flashcards
Unit 1
Cards in this deck (33)
- 1Autonomic motor neurons may release _______ on their effectors.acetylcholine
norepinephrine - 2Preganglionic sympathetic neurons and preganglionic parasympathetic neurons both exit from the thoracic region. true/falsefalse
- 3This is the primary brain structure that helps to maintain autonomic tone, the balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic activity.hypothalamus
- 4Which of the following is a sympathetic response? A. Dilation of airways B. Decrease in heart rate C. Increase in digestion D. All of the aboveA
- 5The sympathetic division is also called the craniosacral division. true/flasefalse
- 6divergence provides...mass activation
- 7parasympathetic states, mass activation is necessary, especially during digestion. true/falsefalse
- 8What does dual innervation mean?a body organ receives neural innervation from both sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons of the ANS
- 9Adipose tissue is one example of an effector of the autonomic nervous system True/falsetrue
- 10Dual innervation describes the situation when effectors are controlled by only one division of the autonomic nervous system. true/falsefalse
- 11In the autonomic nervous system, a single motor neuron excites a skeletal muscle. true/falsefalse
- 12In the sympathetic nervous system, the ganglia are near the spinal cord or major abdominal arteries. true/falseTrue
- 13Adrenergic neurons release acetylcholine into the synapse. true/falsefalse
- 14All preganglionic neurons are cholinergic. true/falsetrue
- 15Which of the following is not a difference between the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system? The number of motor neurons. The involvement of the spinal cord. The presence of ganglia. The number and types of neurotransmitters.involvement of spinal cord
- 16Postganglionic neurons are... are myelinated. release acetylcholine via exocytosis. are NOT myelinated. all of these.are NOT myelinated.
- 17Nicotinic receptors in the postsynaptic cell membrane may depolarize a cell. hyperpolarize a cell. inhibit a cell when activated. all of these.depolarize (excite) the cell
- 18Muscarinic receptors in the postsynaptic cell membrane may depolarize a cell. hyperpolarize a cell. inhibit a cell when activated. all of these.all of these.
- 19Hormones are secreted products of endocrine cells true/falsetrue
- 20The target cells for hormones produce a receptor to which the hormone can bind. true/falsetrue
- 21The target cells for hormones produce a receptor to which the hormone can bind. true/falsetrue
- 22Humoral regulation involves the components of the blood affecting an endocrine gland. true/falsetrue
- 23Hormones that target neural cells are called tropic hormones. true/falsefalse; hormones that target endocrine cells are called tropic hormones
- 24The sensitivity of a target cell to one type of hormone depends on the number of receptors available in that cell type. true/falsetrue
- 25During upregulation of a hormone response the number of receptors decreases. the number of receptors increases. the amount of hormone increases. None of these.the number of receptors increases.
- 26During downregulation of a hormone response the number of receptors decreases. the number of receptors increases. the amount of hormone decreases. None of these.the number of receptors decreases.
- 27A example of a positive feedback loop would be the release of a hormone in response to a single stimulus. the release of glucagon in response to low blood sugar. the release of oxytocin in response to stretching of the uterus. All of thesethe release of oxytocin in response to stretching of the uterus.
- 28A example of a negative feedback loop would be the release of a hormone in response to a single stimulus. the release of glucagon in response to low blood sugar. the release of oxytocin in response to stretching of the uterus. All of thesethe release of glucagon in response to low blood sugar.
- 29This type of gland releases its products into ducts that carry the secretions into body cavities.exocrine
- 30When one hormone opposes the action of another, this is called a synergistic effect.false
- 31The hypophyseal portal veins are important because they carry hormones from theA. hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary.
- 32Antidiuretic hormone has effects onkidneys.
sweat glands.
arterioles. - 33The thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine contain iodine.true