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Description
Flashcards by Agasana Viengmany, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Agasana Viengmany
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Autonomic motor neurons may release _______ on their effectors. | acetylcholine norepinephrine |
| Preganglionic sympathetic neurons and preganglionic parasympathetic neurons both exit from the thoracic region. true/false | false |
| This is the primary brain structure that helps to maintain autonomic tone, the balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. | hypothalamus |
| Which of the following is a sympathetic response? A. Dilation of airways B. Decrease in heart rate C. Increase in digestion D. All of the above | A |
| The sympathetic division is also called the craniosacral division. true/flase | false |
| divergence provides... | mass activation |
| parasympathetic states, mass activation is necessary, especially during digestion. true/false | false |
| What does dual innervation mean? | a body organ receives neural innervation from both sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons of the ANS |
| Adipose tissue is one example of an effector of the autonomic nervous system True/false | true |
| Dual innervation describes the situation when effectors are controlled by only one division of the autonomic nervous system. true/false | false |
| In the autonomic nervous system, a single motor neuron excites a skeletal muscle. true/false | false |
| In the sympathetic nervous system, the ganglia are near the spinal cord or major abdominal arteries. true/false | True |
| Adrenergic neurons release acetylcholine into the synapse. true/false | false |
| All preganglionic neurons are cholinergic. true/false | true |
| Which of the following is not a difference between the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system? The number of motor neurons. The involvement of the spinal cord. The presence of ganglia. The number and types of neurotransmitters. | involvement of spinal cord |
| Postganglionic neurons are... are myelinated. release acetylcholine via exocytosis. are NOT myelinated. all of these. | are NOT myelinated. |
| Nicotinic receptors in the postsynaptic cell membrane may depolarize a cell. hyperpolarize a cell. inhibit a cell when activated. all of these. | depolarize (excite) the cell |
| Muscarinic receptors in the postsynaptic cell membrane may depolarize a cell. hyperpolarize a cell. inhibit a cell when activated. all of these. | all of these. |
| Hormones are secreted products of endocrine cells true/false | true |
| The target cells for hormones produce a receptor to which the hormone can bind. true/false | true |
| The target cells for hormones produce a receptor to which the hormone can bind. true/false | true |
| Humoral regulation involves the components of the blood affecting an endocrine gland. true/false | true |
| Hormones that target neural cells are called tropic hormones. true/false | false; hormones that target endocrine cells are called tropic hormones |
| The sensitivity of a target cell to one type of hormone depends on the number of receptors available in that cell type. true/false | true |
| During upregulation of a hormone response the number of receptors decreases. the number of receptors increases. the amount of hormone increases. None of these. | the number of receptors increases. |
| During downregulation of a hormone response the number of receptors decreases. the number of receptors increases. the amount of hormone decreases. None of these. | the number of receptors decreases. |
| A example of a positive feedback loop would be the release of a hormone in response to a single stimulus. the release of glucagon in response to low blood sugar. the release of oxytocin in response to stretching of the uterus. All of these | the release of oxytocin in response to stretching of the uterus. |
| A example of a negative feedback loop would be the release of a hormone in response to a single stimulus. the release of glucagon in response to low blood sugar. the release of oxytocin in response to stretching of the uterus. All of these | the release of glucagon in response to low blood sugar. |
| This type of gland releases its products into ducts that carry the secretions into body cavities. | exocrine |
| When one hormone opposes the action of another, this is called a synergistic effect. | false |
| The hypophyseal portal veins are important because they carry hormones from the | A. hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. |
| Antidiuretic hormone has effects on | kidneys. sweat glands. arterioles. |
| The thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine contain iodine. | true |
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