Flashcards
Year 10 - 1.3 Digestion and the digestive system in humans
Cards in this deck (32)
- 1Why is digestion needed?To breakdown large molecules
into smaller molecules so they
can be absorbed for use by
body cells - 2What enzyme breaks down fats?Lipase
- 3What are fats broken down into?Fatty acids and glycerol
- 4What enzyme breaks down proteins?Protease
- 5What are proteins broken down into?Amino acids
- 6What enzyme breaks down carbohydrates?Carbohydrase
- 7What are carbohydrates broken down into?Simple sugars
- 8What enzyme breaks down starch?Amylase
- 9What is starch broken down into?Glucose
- 10How would you test for the presence of starch?Use iodine - it would turn from a brown to blue/black colour
- 11How would you test for the presence of glucose?Benedict's reagent and heat - it would turn from a blue colour to brick red
- 12How would you test for the presence of protein?Biuret solution - will change from blue to violet
- 13Label the parts of the digestive system.1. Mouth
2. Oesophagus
3. Stomach
4.Small intestine
5. Pancreas
6. Large intestine
7. Anus
8. Liver
9. Gall bladder - 14What is the role of the mouth?Digestion starts here - teeth break down food into smaller pieces. This increases surface area for amylase to start breaking down starch. Saliva contains amylase and lubricates the food bolus.
- 15What is the role of the stomach?Contains protease to break down proteins.
Also contains hydrochloric acid to aid digestion and kill microbes. - 16What is the role of the pancreas?Secretes lipase, proteases and carbohydrases into the small intestine
- 17What is the role of the small intestine?Digests carbohydrates, proteins and fats. The digested molecules are absorbed across the villi of the small intestine.
- 18What is the role of the large intestine?Water is absorbed out of the remaining food to leave behind faeces.
- 19What is the role of the liver?Secretes bile (which is stored in the gall bladder and secreted into the small intestine when required)
- 20Why is bile required?1. Bile emulsifies fat into smaller fat droplets. This increases the surface area for lipase to digest the fat.
2. Bile increases the pH in the small intestine to the optimum pH for enzyme acitivity. - 21How is food moved along the alimentary canal (through the digestive system)?Peristalsis - muscles contract above the food bolus to push the food along
- 22How is the small intestine adapted to absorb soluble subtances into the blood stream?1. Villi increase the surface area
2. Rich blood supply - maintains a concentration gradient - 23How does the body use fatty acids and glycerol?For energy
- 24How does the body use glucose?For energy
- 25How does the body use amino acids?To build proteins in the body
- 26Why is iron needed in the body?For the production of haemoglobin
- 27Why is vitamin C needed in the body?To maintain healthy tissue
- 28Why is fibre needed in the body?Provides bulk in the digestive system (help to push food through)
- 29What will happen if energy from food is taken in excess?It will be stored as fat in the body and could lead to obesity
- 30What happens if you have too much sugar?Type 2 diabetes
obesity
Tooth decay - 31What happens if you have too much fat?Obesity
Heart disease
Circulatory disease - 32What happens if you have too much salt?High blood pressure
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- GCSE Biology Flashcards on Year 10 - 1.3 Digestion and the digestive system in humans, created by Mrs Z Rourke on 26/02/2018.
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- Mrs Z Rourke
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