Endocrine System and Nervous System

Description

Year 9 Sciences (Enviro) Flashcards on Endocrine System and Nervous System, created by Lucy Crowe on 27/05/2018.
Lucy Crowe
Flashcards by Lucy Crowe, updated more than 1 year ago
Lucy Crowe
Created by Lucy Crowe over 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question Answer
How is a message via the Nervous system sent? Electrical Impulses that travel through the nerves.
How is a message via the Endocrine system sent? Chemical hormones that travel through the bloodstream.
What is the speed a nervous system message is sent? Very fast
What is the speed a Endocrine system message is sent? Slower
How long do the effects last of a nervous system? Short term
How long do the effects last of a endocrine system? Long term
How does the endocrine system work? The glands of the endocrine system produce hormones that secrete into the bloodstream.
What glands are used in the endocrine system? Pancreas, adrenal glands on kidneys and ovaries.
What is insulin? It is hormone produced to lower blood sugar.
What is glycogen? It is stored glucose (in the liver).
What is glucagon? A hormone that is released to turn glycogen back into glucose.
Where are the adrenal glands? On the kidney.
What does the 'fight or flight' hormone produce. Adrenaline, with increases heart rate, amount of O2 getting to brain and muscles.
What is homeostasis? It translates to 'same level.' It is a change that causes a reaction that maintains a constant internal envoirment.
What is stimuli and what are some examples of it? A change that causes a reaction ( eg. low blood sugar trigger glucagon production, high body temps trigger sweating etc.)
What is set point? The ideal level for something in out body.
What is the human body's temp set point? 37°
What is negative feedback? Negative Feedback is anything that our body does to return back to the set point.
What is positive feedback? It is very dangerous, its when your body increases the stimulus to go further away from our set point. (eg. when you are sick you get hotter to burn out the bacteria.)
What is the nervous system made up of? The Central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
What does the Central nervous system include? Brain and spinal cord.
What does the peripheral nervous system include? All the nerves that branch of the CNS.
What are nerve cells called? Neurons
What are the 3 types of neurons? Sensory neurons, Interneurons and Motor neurons.
What is the Sensory neurons? They receive information from a sensory receptor (eg. light receptor in eye or thermoreceptor in skin.)
What are the interneurons? In between sensory and motor neurons, they are the linking neurons in the spinal cord.
What are motorneurons? They cause movement by triggering muscles.
What is the order of how we respond to a stimulus? Sensory receptor - Sensory neuron - Interneuron - Brain - Motor neuron - movement
What is a reflex arc? In a dangerous situation, our body does not have time to send a message to the brain so it bypasses this step and sends a message to the brain after we have moved.
What are Chemoreceptors? They are sensitive to chemicals, such as odour molecules in the air, and are located in the nose and tongue.
What are Mechanoreceptors? They are sensitive to touch, pressure, sound and motion and are located in the skin, the inner ear and muscles.
What are Pain receptors? They are sensitive to chemical changes in damaged cells and are located throughout the body, but most are located in the skin.
What are Thermoreceptors? They are sensitive to temperature changes and are located in the skin.
What are Photoreceptors? They are sensitive to light and are located in the eyes.
What is the brain stems function? It relays messages to and from the brain.
What are the Cerebellums functions? Also known as 'little brain,' It stores your skills, and co-ordinates your movements.
What are the Cerebrums functions? It is also known as 'thinking brain,' it does all our thinking and perception.
What is the first function of the brain? it keeps the body in balance; constant heart rate, body temperature and sleep pattern
What is the second function of the brain? it processes information and responds accordingly.
What is the third function of the brain? It has abstract ideas, humour, imagination, dreams, perception.
What are neurotransmitters? Neurotransmitters is a chemical messenger which transmits signals across a chemical synapse.
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