Flashcards

Level 1 Biology Flashcards (SET ONE)

Eleanor James Biology Year 11 English 16 cards

Cards in this deck (16)

1Asexual ReproductionReproduction involving only one parent (usually female) - offspring genetically identical to the parent and to each other
2Sexual ReproductionReproduction involving two parents - offspring different from the parent and to each other
3CloneAn organism produced asexually from one parent - offspring genetically identical to both its parents and siblings
4TraitA genetically determined characteristic
5MutationA permanent change in the base sequence of DNA
6AlleleDifferent forms of the same gene - they can be dominant or recessive
7GenotypeThe particular alleles of an organism
8PhenotypeThe observable characteristics of an organism as a result of its genotype
9Pure breedingIndividuals that are homozygous - will always produce offspring with the same genotype when crossed together
10HomozygousAn individual with two alleles that are the same for a particular trait
11HeterozygousAn individual with two alleles that are different for a particular trait
12Test CrossCross between an unknown genotype organism and a homozygous recessive to work out the genotype from the offspring
13DominantAllele which is always expressed even if only one is present - written with an upper-case letter e.g 'A'
14RecessiveAllele which is only expressed when two of them are present - written with a lower-case letter e.g 'a'
15Pedigree ChartDiagram/family tree that shows the phenotypes of related individuals
16HaploidHaving a single set of chromosomes (n)