1681544
Description
Flashcards by Millie Berrett, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Millie Berrett
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Aerobic | with oxygen If exercise is not too fast and is steady the heart can supply all the oxygen muscles need |
| Aesthetic appreciation | To be able to see the beauty in a performance |
| Agility | The ability to change the position of the body quickly and to control the movement of the whole body |
| Anabolic steroids | Drugs that mimic the male sex hormone testosterone and promote bone and muscle growth |
| Anaerobic | without oxygen If exercise is done in short, fast bursts, the heart cannot supply blood and oxygen to muscles as fast as the cells use them |
| Anorexic | Pertaining to anorexia; a prolonged eating disorder due to loss of appetite |
| Balance | The ability to retain the centre of mass (gravity) of the body above the base of the support with reference to static (stationery) or dynamic conditions of movements, shape and orrientation |
| Beta blockers | Drugs that are used to control heart rate and that have a calming and relaxing effect |
| Blood pressure | Blood pressure is the force exerted by the heart as it pumps blood out of the heart and into the arteries (systolic-high pressure) and it is low when it relaxes between beats (diastolic) |
| Body composition | The percentage of body weight that is fat, muscle and bone (Boxing, Rugby) |
| Cardiac output | The amount of blood ejected from the heart in one minute |
| Cardiovascular fitness | The ability to exercise the entire body for long periods of time |
| Cholesterol | Cholesterol is a blood fat which the body needs in moderate amounts |
| Circuit training | A set of 6 to 10 exercises performed at stations in an organised pattern Each exercise is performed for a specific number of repetitions or for a prescribed time before moving on to the next exercise |
| Competence | The relationship between: skill, the selection and application of skill, tactics, strategies and compositional ideas; and the readiness of the body and mind to cope with the activity. It requires an understanding of how these combine to produce effective performances |
| Cooper's run test | A test of cardiovascular fitness |
| Co-ordination | The ability to use two or more body parts together |
| Cross training | Using more than one training method |
| What is diet compared to balanced diet | Your diet is what you eat and a balanced diet is what you should eat |
| Diuretics | Drugs that elevate the rate of bodily urine excretion |
| Ectomorph | A somatotype, individuals with narrow shoulders and narrow hips, characterised by thinness |
| Endomorph | A somatotype, individuals with wide hips and narrow shoulders, characterised by fatness |
| Erythropoietin(EPO) | A type of peptide hormone that increases the red blood cell count |
| Exercise | Exercise is a form of physical activity which maintains or improves health and or physical fitness |
| Fartlek training | Training that allows and athlete to run at varying speeds, over unmeasured distances, on different terrain |
| Fitness | Fitness is the abitlity to meet the demands of the environment |
| FITT | F-frequency I-intensity T-time T-type Used to increase the amount of work the body does, in order to achieve overload |
| Flexibility | The range of movement possible at a joint (Gymnastics, badminton, yoga) |
| Health | Health is a state of complete mental, physical and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity |
| Health-related exercise | Exercise which is undertaken primarily to improve health and fitness for life |
| Healthy active lifestyles | A lifestyle which contributes positively to physical mental and social wellbeing and includes regular and physical activity |
| Heart rate | The number of times the heart beats each minute |
| Hypokinetic disease | A disease related to too little activity (Hypo means under or too little, Kinetic means energy or activity) |
| Hypertrophy | Scientific term for an increase in size of muscle |
| Individual differences/needs | Matching training to the requirements of an individual |
| Isometric contractions | Muscle contraction which results in increased tension but the length does not alter, for example when pressing against a stationary object |
| Isotonic contractions | Muscle contraction that results in limb movement |
| Joint | a place where two or more bones meet |
| Ligaments | A tissue that joins bone to bone |
| Mesomorph | A somatotype, Individuals with wide shoulders and narrow hips, characterised by musciularity |
| Methods of training | Interval training, continuous training, circuit training, weight training, Fartlek training, cross training |
| Muscular endurance | The ability to use the voluntary muscles many times without getting tired (Open water swimming, running) |
| Muscle groups | muscles may be arranged in groups according to location and/or function e.g. the muscles of the leg |
| Muscular strength | The amount of force a muscle can exert againts a resistance (Weight-lifters or Rugby players in a scrum) |
| Narcotic analgesics | Drugs that can be used to reduce the feeling of pain |
| Obese | A term used to describe people who are very overfat |
| Optimum weight | Best weight or desirable weight- the best weight a player performs at |
| Overfat | A way of saying you have more body fat than you should have |
| Overload | Fitness can only be improved through training more than you normally do |
| Overweight | Having weight in excess of normal (not harmful unless accompanied by overfatness) |
| Oxygen debt | The amount of oxygen consumed during recovery above that which would have ordinarily been consumed in the same time at rest (This results in a shortfall in the oxygen available) |
| PAR-Q | Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire |
| PEP | Personal Exercise Programme |
| Peptide hormones | Drugs that cause the production of other hormones |
| Performance | How well a task is completed |
| PESSCL | PE and School Sport Club Links |
| Physical activity | Any form of exercise or movement; physical activity my be planned and structured or unplanned and unstructured (in PE we are concerned with planned and structured physical activity, such as a fitness class) |
| Power | The ability to do strength performances quickly (Power= strength x speed) |
| Progressive overload | To gradually increase the amount of overload so that fitness gains occur, but without potential for injury |
| Reaction time | The time between the presentation of a stimulus and the onset of a movement |
| Recovery | The time required for the repair of damage to the body caused by training or competition |
| Rehabilitation | Restoring (an injury) to its normal functioning state |
| Rest | The period of time allotted to recovery |
| Resistance training | Training that uses a resistance or force against which specific muscle groups must work e.g. weight training |
| Reversability | Any adaptation that takes place as a consequence of training will be removed when you stop training |
| RICE | R-rest I-ice C-compression E-elevation A method of treating injuries |
| Role models | A person you can aspire to, to make you into a better person, Often have qualities that we would like to have |
| Self- esteem | Respect for, or a favourable opinion of oneself |
| Skill-related fitness | Exercise which may be undertaken primarily to improve sporting ability |
| SMART | S- specific M- measurable A- achievable R- realistic T- time bound |
| Socio-economic status | May be based on a person's income, education and occupation |
| Somatotypes | Classification of body type |
| Specificity | Matching training to the requirements of an activity |
| Speed | The differential rate at which an individual is able to perform a movement or cover a distance in a period of time |
| Stimulants | Drugs that have an effect on the central nervous system, such as increased mental and/or physical alertness |
| Stroke volume | The volume of blood pumped out of the heart by each ventricle during on contraction |
| Target zone | The range within which an individual needs to work for aerobic training to take place (60-80 per cent of maximum heart rate) |
| Tendons | A tissue that joins muscle to bone |
| Training | A well-planned programme which uses scientific principles to improve performance, skill, game ability and motor and physical fitness |
| Training thresholds | The boundaries of target zones |
| Underweight | Weighing less than is normal, healthy or required |
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