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- 1Virginia CompanyA joint stock company chartered by King James I. It was important because it created new settlements in the Virginia colony.
- 2JamestownA British settlement. It was important because it was the first PERMANENT settlement in North America.
- 3Powhatan RelationsThe Powhatan Relations was a relationship between the English and the Native American Tribe of the Powhatans. This is important because without the powhatans the English would not have been able to survive the climates, and would have starved to death due to lack of food, etc.
- 4House of BurgessesThe first legal assembly of the colonies. The people and ideas within this assembly helped bring about the American Revolutionary War.
- 5Bacon’s RebellionAn uprising led by Nathaniel Bacon in the Virginia colony. He resented the friendly treatment of the Native Americans that Governor William Berkeley was expressing.
- 6King Philip’s WarAn armed conflict between Native Americans and English colonists. It marked the last major effort by Native Americans to drive out and away English forces.
- 7PuritansProtestants that wanted to purify the Church of England and convert them from the Catholic religion to a more Protestant one. Formed the Anglican Church.
- 8PilgrimsEnglish settlers that broke away from the Church of England and ran off to America to avoid religious persecution. They are important because they founded Plymouth Colony and rode aboard the Mayflower.
- 9Development of Rhode IslandRoger Williams created the first white settlement in Rhode island when he was forced to leave Massachusetts for his radical views. In his settlement he allowed freedom of religion as well as political freedom. This attracted people which led to the creation of Rhode Island as a Whole.
- 10Half-Way CovenantA religious and political solution made by puritans that allowed the children of baptized but unconverted church members to be baptized. This gave them political rights and made them members of the church.
- 11Salem Witch TrialsThe accusation of over 200 people and execution of 20 for witchcraft. The significance is that after the trials it was admitted that they were a mistake and those individuals were actually innocent.
- 12Loss of the Massachusetts CharterThe British king canceled the Massachusetts charter that made it an independent colony.
- 13Dutch Settlement of AmsterdamThe colony was established by the Dutch West India Company in 1624 and grew to encompass all of present-day New York City and parts of Long Island, Connecticut, and New Jersey.
- 14Settlement of PennsylvaniaThe colony that William Penn founded thanks to Charles II of England in order to settle a debt Charles had with his Father. This colony provided Quakers with a place of religious freedom.
- 15French settlement in QuebecResulted in the creation of the
"New France"
- 16MercantilismBelief in the benefits of profitable trading or commercialism. This allows countries to improve their economy by exporting more goods than they import.
- 17Trans-Atlantic TradeThe transportation by slave traders of enslaved African people, mainly to the Americas. Laid the base for modern capitalism and generated wealth for Americans.
- 18Middle PassageThe middle section of the slave trade route taken by many of the ships holding slaves. It got the slaves from Africa to America.
- 19The Great AwakeningA series of Christian religion revivals across Britain and its Thirteen Colonies. Made protestants and other religions strive for religious devotion.
- 20French and Indian WarA war of the French against the British Colonies. In the end it provided Great Britain enormous territorial gains in North America, but ultimately led. to the American Revolution.
- 211763 Treaty of ParisTreaty that made France give up all its territories and ended any military threat to the colonies there. Ended the French and Indian War.
- 22Proclamation of 1763Issued by Britain after they won the seven years war and gained land. Prohibited American colonists from settling west of Appalachia.
- 23Stamp ActPassed by British parliament. Imposed a tax on British colonies in North America and required that many printed materials in the colonies be produced on stamped paper produced in London, labeled with a stamp,
- 24Intolerable ActsLaws meant to punish Massachusetts colonists for their defiance during the Tea Party Protest. Contributing factor of the American Revolution because colonists felt this wasn't fair and that it violated their rights.
- 25Thomas Paine’s Common Sensea pamphlet written by Thomas Paine wanting independence from Great Britain to people in the Thirteen Colonies. Encouraged people to fight for a better government.
- 26Declaration of IndependenceWhere the 13 American colonies cut their ties with Great Britain and gained their independence.
- 27John LockeAn English political philosopher whose ideas inspired the American revolution. Believed that all humans have the right to live and the right to take advantage of their rights.
- 28French assistance during the American Revolutionconsidered a major, vital, and decisive contribution to the United States' victory against the British.
- 29Marquis De LafayetteA French man who volunteered his time and money to help the Americans. He was able to help the Americans win the war and was treated as a hero.
- 30George Washington (presidency and role in military)The first President of the United States, serving from April 30, 1789 – March 4, 1797. George Washington played the leading military role in the American Revolution.
- 31Crossing of the Delaware RiverThe first move organized by George Washington against the Hessian forces in Trenton, New Jersey. There was a decisive victory due to the cold winter.
- 32Valley Forgethe third of eight military camps for the Continental Army's main body, commanded by General George Washington. A large chunk of the soldiers at war were lost due to disease here.
- 33Battle of YorktownThe last major land battle of the American Revolutionary War in North America. The British surrender at the Battle of Yorktown ended the American Revolutionary War.
- 34Treaty of Paris, 1783Signed in Paris by representatives of King George III of Great Britain and representatives of the United States of America. Ended the American Revolutionary War.
- 35Articles of Confederation (weaknesses)The weaknesses of the articles of confederation were that the congress was made up of on 13 states and each state only had one vote.
- 36Daniel Shay’s RebellionShays' Rebellion happened because farmers were facing major economic problems. They could not get enough money to pay their taxes or their debts. It led to the writing of the constitution.
- 37FederalistsThe first American political party. Had a strong desire to establish a central government.
- 38Anti-FederalistsOpposed the creation of a strong U.S. government. Thought that a stronger government threatened the sovereignty and prestige of the states, localities, or individuals.
- 39Checks & BalancesEach branch of the government has some measure of influence over the other branches and may choose to block procedures of the other branches. No branch is too powerful.
- 40Alexander HamiltonAn American statesman and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. helped ratify the Constitution by writing 51 of the 85 installments of The Federalist Papers, which are still used as one of the most important references for the Constitution.
- 41James Madisonan American statesman, lawyer, diplomat, philosopher, and Founding Father who served as the fourth president of the United States. "Father" of the Bill of Rights
- 42The Great CompromiseAn agreement that large and small states reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that in part defined the legislative structure and representation that each state would have under the United States Constitution. Solved the issue of representation.
- 43Separation of powersState's government is divided into branches, each with separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility so that the powers of one branch are not in conflict with the powers associated with the other branches. Ensures that the power does not spill into another branch.
- 44Limited GovernmentThe government is empowered by law from a starting point of having no power, or where governmental power is restricted by law. The gov. does not have total power over everything.
- 45Bill of RightsThe first ten Amendments of the United States Constitution. Serves to protect citizens from excess government power.
- 46John AdamsOne of the founding Fathers who served as the second president of the United States. Played a leading role in the American Revolution.
- 47Whiskey RebellionA tax protest in the United States during the presidency of George Washington. (liquor tax.) Gave the US its first opportunity to establish federal authority by military means within state boundaries.
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- Flashcards on Portfolio, created by Perian Roberts on 23/05/2019.
- Created by
- Perian Roberts · May 2019
- Updated
- May 23, 2019
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