Flashcards
Digestive abdominal organs
Cards in this deck (32)
- 1Where is the liver located in the abdominal cavity?Top right, just below the diaphragm
Intraperitoneal - 2How many lobes does the liver have?2 primary lobes: a large right lobe and a much smaller left lobe
Connected by the round ligament - 3What is the function of the liver?To filter blood coming form the digestive tract before passing it on to the rest of the body
- 4Where is the spleen found?Attached to the left lateral border of the stomach
Intraperitoneal - 5What is the structure of the spleen like?Outer capsule with trabecular projecting inwards
Red pulp - Red blood cells
White pulp - lymphatic tissue - 6What is the function of the spleen?Filters the blood
Site of initiation of an immune response - 7Where is the pancreas found?Transversely
In the retroperitoneum
Posterior to the stomach - 8What type of glands is the pancreas made up of?Exocrine glands - secrete enzymes into the duodenum small intestine for digestion
Endocrine glands - secrete hormones such as insulin and glucagon for blood glucose homeostasis - 9What are the main functions of the pancreas?Exocrine (pancreatic juices help with digestion) and endocrine (insulin and glucagon help regulate blood glucose concentration)
- 10Where is the stomach found?Intraperitoneal
Inferior and to the left of the liver - 11What connects the lesser curve of the stomach and the liver?The lesser omentum
- 12What are the three smooth muscle layers of the stomach and their functions?Longitudinal muscle (outermost) - moves stomach contents from side to side
Circular muscle (inner)- Squeezes stomach contents, peristaltic movements
Oblique muscle (innermost)-
Further mechanical digestion of food - 13What is the role of the mucosa in the stomach?Secretes pepsin and hydrochloric acid
Goblet cells secrete a layer of mucous that protects the stomach from self-digestion - 14What is the duodenum?The part of the small intestine that is continual with the stomach
- 15What shape is the duodenum?C-shaped
- 16What organ does the duodenum wrap around?The pancreas (posterior to the stomach)
- 17What is the role of the duodenum?Transports food from the stomach to the small intestine
- 18What is the jejenum?The proximal part of the small intestine
- 19What is the ileum?The distal part of the duodenum
- 20What is the role of the small intestine?Absorbing nutrients from food
- 21What features of the small intestine make it suited to absorbing nutrients from food?Long, folded channel
Smooth muscle peristalsis moves food along
Villi increase surface area for absorption
Microvilli on epithelial cells further increase surface area
Highly vascularised with capillaries - 22What is the greater omentum?A fold of the peritoneum that connects the greater fold of the stomach to the transverse colon
Covers the small intestine - 23What are some functions of the omentum?Stores fat --> insulation of the abdominal region
Immune function - 24Where does the small intestine connect to the large intestine?At the ilecocecal junction
- 25What are the 5 main parts of the large intestine?The caecum
The ascending colon
The tranverse colon
The descending colon
The sigmoid colon - 26What is the main role of the large intestine?Absorbing water from the faeces
- 27Where is the appendix found?Attached to the caecum
- 28What is the possible role of the appendix in humans?Lymphoid - producing white blood cells for immune responses
- 29What is another role of the sigmoid colon?Some storage of faeces before defecation
- 30Where is the rectum found?Posterior
Continuous with the sigmoid colon - 31What is the role of the rectum?Stores the faeces prior to defecation through the anus
- 32What is the mesentery?A fan-shaped double layered infolding of the peritoneum that connnects the jejenum and ileum of the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall
It is also filled with nerves, blood and lymphatic vessels
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- Biology Flashcards on Digestive abdominal organs , created by Carmel Smith on 26/03/2020.
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- Carmel Smith
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