Flashcards
Chapter 4 Q&A Flashcards
Cards in this deck (28)
- 1What is a worksheet?A large grid of cells on a single sheet.
- 2What is a workbook?A collection of more than one
worksheet in the same spreadsheet. - 3Give three advantages of a workbook- Data changed on one worksheet will be reflected across the whole workbook.
- Different access rights can be given.
- A workbook is saved as a single entity (easy to backup and send to others) - 4What are rows and columns?Rows and columns are used to organise data. A row is a range of cells that go across the spreadsheet. A column is a range of cells that go down the spreadsheet.
- 5What is a cell?A cell is an individual data store identified by a column and row indicator. Every cell is uniquely identifiable.
- 6What are labels?Any text in a cell describing the data in a row or column (titles, headings that identify data)
- 7What is a range?A range is a group of cells, a range is used to contain cells with similar data.
- 8what is a model?a model is a representation of a real thing (entity). A model will imitate the real thing.
- 9what is simulation?Simulations are used to predict the behaviour of an entity. A model will be created and then simulations can be run on the model. Simulations are usually asking questions like “what would happen to this building if there was a 120mph wind?”
- 10Describe the characteristics of modelling software- Variables that can be changed so that different outcomes can be experimented with.
- Rules that define how the model should behave.
- Automatic recalculation that will show the effects of changing variables.
- An ability to deal with lots of numbers and calculations and process data very quickly. - 11Describe the characteristics of spreadsheets that make them suitable for modelling- ability to enter variables into a cell
- formulae and functions that perform calculations
- automatic recalculation so that results are seen instantly
- graphs to present the data
- conditional formatting to highlight outcomes
- goal-seek to find out what input data will give a known output value
- what-if analysis to answer what-if questions - 12Why do we use models?- In dangerous situations
- For training
- financial modelling
- predictions
- quick answers to questions
- minimise risks - 13What is a variable?A variable is an identifier associated with a particular cell.
- 14What is a formula?A formula is an arithmetic calculation that involve plus, minus, multiply and divide. Formula calculations are performed on variables to produce results.
e.g. =A5+B17 - 15What is a function?A function is a built in command/complex formula. A function uses reserved words that are built into the spreadsheet e.g. =SUM(A5:B17)
- 16What is meant by: a) SUM b) MAX c) LOOKUPa) SUM: Adds a range of cells and gives the total.
b) MAX: Gives the maximum value from a list.
c) LOOKUP: Gives a value from an array based on a given value. - 17What are rules?Rules define a model. Rules are a set of procedures that must be followed.
- 18What is a what if question?A What if question is an attempt to find out what is going to happen in the future. It requires a value to be changed so other values are re-calculated.
- 19Give 3 advantages of answering what-if questions on a spreadsheet+ Variables can be changed to try out scenarios
+ Effects of changes can be seen
+ Automatic re-calculations mean changes are instant - 20What is relative referencing?Relative referencing is references used in formulae and functions. The reference is relative to the current cell position.
- 21What is relative replication?Relative replication is where the first formula is written and then the formula is replicated and the row numbers change as you go down.
- 22What is absolute referencing?Absolute referencing points to an exact cell and does not change if replicated. To do this a '$' must be inserted into the cell. e.g. $B$4
- 23What is mixed cell referencing/Mixed cell referencing is where the column OR row don’t change but other does change when replicated.
- 24Which columns are relative, absolute and mixed?red = relative
orange = absolute
green = mixed - 25Give three advantages for using spreadsheets for simulations- ability to enter variables and experiment
- formulae and functions with automatic recalculation
- graphs to present data - 26Give three disadvantages of using spreadsheets for simulations- more simplistic than real world
- do not take into account unforeseen circumstances and human emotions
- only suitable for mathematical models - 27Describe two advantages of tailoring a spreadsheetNovice users can use the new system, meaning there are minimal training required saving costs.
Required features displayed, quicker for users to find what the need – more productive - 28Explain two disadvantages of using a spreadsheet model to create and run predictions- Not all the variables may be correct or all known variables included which leads to results that cannot trusted
- The model is only as good as the rules and correct implementation of the functions/formulae. A mistake in the creation can lead to incorrect figures.
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- A-Level ICT (Chapter 4) Flashcards on Chapter 4 Q&A Flashcards, created by narbr001 on 14/04/2015.
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