2560138
Description
Flashcards by Charlotte Hewson, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Charlotte Hewson
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| define the term species | they are capable of breeding to produce living, fertile offspring. they are similar to eachother but different from members of other species |
| what makes them similar within a species? | -similar immunological features and occupy the same ecological niche |
| what is an organism identified by? | its binomial name |
| what are the features of this system? | -universal based on latin or greek - first (generic) name denotes genus -second (specific) name denotes species |
| what are the rules for using the binomeal system? | written in itallic or underlined -first letter of genus in upper case, species is in lower case -if specific name is unknown, use sp. |
| What is classification? | the grouping of organisms |
| what is taxonomy? | the theory and practice of biological classification |
| what are the two main forms of biological classification? | -artificial classification -natural classification |
| what is artificial classification? | divides organisms based on their characteristics. e.g. birds and butterflies both use wings for flight however they originated in different ways |
| what are the three characteristics of natural classification? | a) based upon the evolutionary relationships between organisms and their ancestors b) classifies species into groups using shared features derived from their ancestors c) arranges the groups into a hierarchy in which the groups are contained within larger composite groups with no overlap |
| what is a taxon? | each group in the classification |
| what is taxonomy? | the study of these groups and their positions in a hierarchical order, where they're known as taxonomic ranks |
| what are the groups? | Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species |
| what is phylogeny? | the evolutionary relationship between organisms |
| what are two problems with defining species? | -some species rarely is ever reproduce sexually -species aren't fixed, but evolve and may develop into new species |
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