Flashcards
Religion
Cards in this deck (106)
- 1ConservativeOld fashioned, follow the original rules/guidelines, etc.
- 2orthodoxextremely conservative, follow the original sciptures of the religion, strict, etc.
- 3reformto alter, change something to improve it - to change to a better form
- 4religionthe belief in a god/group of gods/spirits
- 5beliefthe acceptance that something exists is true - especially one without proof, trust, faith or confidence in
- 6faithcomplete trust/confidence in something
- 7abrahamic religionsreligions involving the biblical patriarch Abraham (Islam, Judaism, Christianity)
- 8dharmic religionsreligions relating to the teachings of buddha (hinduism, buddhism)
- 9monotheismthe belief that there is only one god
- 10polytheismthe belief that there are multiple gods
- 11dualismthe belief that everything has two opposite principles (mind, matter) - a doctrine that the universe is under the dominion of two opposing principles, one good and one evil)
- 12prayeran address ("petition") to god, can be in word and thought
- 13meditationspending time in quiet thought for religious purposes or relaxation
- 14ethicsthe thought, not action - rules or behaviour based on the idea of what is morally good and bad * science of morals
- 15moralsthe action, not thought - doing what is right, often based on knowledge of ethics * practice of ethics
- 16goodsomething positive
- 17evilsomething bad / negative
- 18dutysomething you must do because it is morally correct or because the law requires it
- 19virtue ethics(dygdetik, syftesetik) virtue ethics is a person rather than action based. It looks at the virtue or moral character of the person carrying out an action rather than at ethical duties and rules or the consequences of particular actions
- 20consequentalism(konsekvensetik) the belief that the moral value of an act should be judged by the value of its consequences
- 21deontologyethical theory concerned with duties and rights
- 22utilitarianismthe belief that a morally good action is what helps the most people
- 23diasporathe forced movement of jews
- 24mosesone of Judaism's great figures
- 25Abrahamone of the first three biblical patriarchs. Plays prominent role in judaism, christianity & islam
- 26Rabbia person who is trained to decide what is lawful in Judaism. To perform jewish ceremonies or to lead a jewish congregation
- 27Tanakhacronym "copied" from the initial letters of the hebrew names for the Torah, the prophets and the writing
- 28Torahthe first 5 books of the hebrew scriptures
- 29TalmudInstructions written from oral tradition - discussion in between Rabbis
- 30Halakahthe religious laws
- 31synagoguethe temple of the Jews
- 32KippahHat worn by Jewish men to show recognition that someone is above them
- 33ShabbatJewish day of rest
- 34Bar/Bat MitzvahComing of age ritual, bat for girls, bar for boys
- 35Pesachpassover festival
- 36rosh hashanahthe jewish new year festival in September
- 37Yom Kippurthe religious fast
- 38Hanukkah8 day jewish festival in December
- 39Koshera type of food requirement of jewish law
- 40omnipotentalmighty or infinite in power as god
- 41omniscientthe capacity to know everything there is to know
- 42Godthe omnipotent
- 43trinityfather, son and the holy spirit
- 44Messiahpersonification of god
- 45JesusChristianity's messiah, god's son
- 46HeavenWhere you go if you die if you've lived a good life (according to christianity's laws)
- 47AfterlifeA life or existance believed to follow death
- 48forgivenessGod's restoration of relationship that entails the removal of objective guilt
- 49sindoing what's wrong/what's not right according to God's rules
- 50Sacramentan important christian ceremony when the bread and wine that are eaten during the christian ceremony
- 51bible (old and new testament)holy book
- 52disciples/apostlesdisciple - a pupil or follower of any teacher or school of religion, e.g. Christian Disciple follows Jesus
Apostle - missionary sent out by Jesus - 53saintone separated from the world consecrated to God
- 54catholica branch of christianity - the oldest form
- 55clergypeople, e.g. priests, who are the leader of religions and who perform religious services
- 56monastery(monastic life) a house or place of residence occupied by a community of people, e.g. monks, living in seclusion under religious vows
- 57Mohammadfounder of islam, chief prophet of God
- 58Prophetpeople that muslims believe were assigned a special mission by god to guide humans
- 59five pillarsShahadah - declaration of fatih
salah - prayer
Zakah - charity
Hajj - pilgrimage
Sarum - fasting - 60ramadanthe month where muslims fast
- 61Eida muslim festival celebrating the end of Ramadan
- 62Qu'ranholy book of islam
- 63Suraha chapter/section of the Qu'ran
- 64Hadithcollection of traditions which constitutes the major sorts of guidance for muslims (excl. Qu'ran)
- 65Hijrahthe journey of the prophet Mohammad from Mecca to Medina
- 66Mecca & MedinaMecca - birth place of Mohammad, holy city, Muslims face when praying
Medina - city which gave refuge to Al-masjid an-Nabawi and his followers, second holiest city of islam (after Mecca) - 67Shia , SunniShia - branch of islam, believe that prophet is appointed by God alone (only God has that power)
Sunni - accepted Abu Bakr as first Caliph after death of Mohammad - 68Buddhasage (someone who has reached enlightenment) on whos teachings of Buddhism was founded
- 69Siddharta GautamaBuddha
- 70Enlightenment"Awakened" full realisation of Buddhist teachings
- 71sufferingdissatisfaction, impermanence and imperfection
- 72desirea strong feeling of wanting to have something or wishing for something to happen - seen as bad in Buddhism
- 73Dharmathe teachings of Buddha
- 74Karmaaction driven by intention which leads to future consequences
- 75reincarnationsoul continuously being reborn until reaching Nirvana
- 76Nirvanaa place with perfect peace and happiness, the highest state someone can achieve and what people strive for
- 77theravadathe more conservative of the two major traditions of Buddhism
- 78Mahayanaone of the two major traditions of buddhism, now practiced especially in China
- 79Bodhisattvathe goal and ideal of Mahayana, buddhism, anyone motivated by great compassion
- 80Zenjapanese school of Mahayana buddhism, emphasizing the value of meditation and intuition rather than the ritual worship or study of scriptures
- 81Koana paradox to be meditated upon by the first monks
- 82Four Noble Truthsthe doctrines of Buddha.
- All life is suffering
cause of suffering is ignorant desire
this desire can be destroyed
the means to this is the eightfold path - 83Eightfold pathsthe forth of Buddhas four Noble truths - the path to nirvana
- 84sanghaa word in Pali and Sanskrit meaning "association, assembly, company or community" - most commonly referred to the monastic community of ordained buddhist monks or nuns
- 85impermanenceone of the essential doctrines or three marks of existance in buddhism
- 86ascetica person who dedicates his or her life to contemplative ideals and practices, extreme self denial or self mortification for religious reasons
- 87aumthe mantra and mystical sound of hindu origin
- 88samsarawheel of life - circle of death and rebirth
- 89reincarnationnatural process of birth, death and rebirth
- 90karma (not buddhism)deed or act
- 91moksha (also called mukti)liberation or bliss (nirvana) from cycle of death and rebirth
- 92Varna(caste) term for four broad ranks into which many traditional hindu society was divided from the time of the rigvida
- 93ashramastages in life - one of four age based life stages discussed in ancient and medieval era indian texts
- 94Darma (Hindu)the universal principle of law, order, harmony and truth - act as the regulatory moral principle of the universe
- 95brahmathe unchanging reality amidst and beyond the world
- 96shivathe auspicious one - one of the main deities of hinduism, supreme god within shaivism, one of three most influential denominations in contemporary hinduism
- 97vishnuhindu god, supreme god of vishnaism
- 98saraswatihindu godess of knowledge, music art wisdom and learning
- 99lakshmigoddess of wealth, love, prosperity, fortune, embodiment of beauty
- 100parvatihindu goddess of love, fertility and devotion
- 101brahminis a varna in vedic hinduism, also a case of people who are members of it (subdivided into communities known as Gotras)
- 102sectgroup of people forming distinct unit within a larger group by virtue or certain refinement or distinctions of belief or practice
- 103cultsmall religious group that is not part of a larger and more accepted religion, has beliefs regarded by many people as extreme or dangerous
- 104folk beliefthe common people of a society or region considered as the representatives of a traditional way of life and especially as the originators or carriers of the customs beliefs and arts that make up a distinctive culture
- 105new agea philosophy originating in the late 1980s, characterized by the belief in an alternative medicine, astrology, spiritualism
- 106spiritualitythe quality or state of being concerned of religion or religious matters