PATHO LE2: Neoplasia

Description

Neoplasia
Jessica Margaux Mercado
Flashcards by Jessica Margaux Mercado, updated more than 1 year ago
Jessica Margaux Mercado
Created by Jessica Margaux Mercado about 9 years ago
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Resource summary

Question Answer
polygonal cells ecto/endodermal origin Carcinoma
spindle-shaped cells mesodermal origin Sarcoma
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia; Philadelphia Chromosome translocation: chromosome 9 & 22 = BCR-ABL chimera
Neuroblastoma Amplification of N-MYC gene (2p, double minute)
Burkitt's Lymphoma t(8;14) = MYC protein
Walker's Law 50% of Px w/ newly diagnosed solid malignant neoplasms have metasteses
Two-hit hypothesis: Retinoblastoma both alleles of RB gene at 13q14
common mutated genes in cancer p53, RAS, BRCA1/2
protein products assist oncogene activity EGF, PDGF, CSF-1, TGF-a
multiple malignancies, develop at a younger age, multiple primary tumors of varying types (syndrome? mutation?) Li-Fraumeni Syndrome deletion of one arm of p53
most common carcinogen? Radon
pre-cancerous conditions in which malignancy is most likely to occur liver cirrhosis, chronic ulcerative colitis, atrophic gastritis, epidermal actinic keratosis, oral leukoplakia
competitive antagonist of estrogen receptor Tamoxifen
cancers most seen in young adult males Testicular, Hodgkin's
cancers more frequent in older men Prostate Cancer
cancers most frequent in children leukemia, brain tumors
overexpression of PDFGB (PDGF-B chain) Astrocytoma
overexpression of HST1 (fibroblast growth factors) Osteosarcoma
amplification of FGF3 (fibroblast growth factors) Stomach, Bladder, Breast CA, Melanoma
overexpression of TGF-A (TGF-a) Astrocytoma
overexpression of HGF Hepatocellular carcinomas, Thyroid cancer
mutation/amplification of ERBB1, ERBB2 (EGFR, HER) Adenocarcinoma of lung, Breast carcinma
point mutation of FLT3 (FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3) Leukemia
point mutation of RET (receptor for neurotrophic factors) Multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A and B, Familial medullary thyroid carcinomas
overexpression/translocation of PDGFRB (PDGF receptor) Gliomas, Leukemias
point mutation in KIT (receptor for KIT ligand) GI stromal tumors, seminomas, leukemias
translocation/fusion gene formation of ALK (ALK receptor) Adenocarcinoma of lung, certain lymphomas
point mutation of ALK Neuroblastoma
point mutation of KRAS (G protein) Colon, Lung, Pancreatic tumors
point mutation of HRAS (G protein) Bladder and Kidney tumors
point mutation of NRAS (G protein) Melanomas, Hematologic malignancies
point mutation of GNAQ (G protein) Uveal melanoma
point mutation of GNAS (G protein) Pituitary adenoma, other endocrine tumors
translocation of ABL (nonreceptor tyrosine kinase) Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
point mutation of ABL (nonreceptor tyrosine kinase) Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
point mutation, translocation of BRAF (RAS signal transduction) Melanomas, Leukemias, Colon carcinoma
point mutation, translocation, gene arrangement of NOTCH1 (Notch signal transduction) Leukemias, Lymphomas, Breast carcinoma
translocation of JAK2 (JAK/STAT) Myeloproliferative disorders, ALL
translocation of MYC (transcriptional activators) Burkitt Lymphoma
amplification of NMYC (transcriptional activators) Neuroblastoma
translocation of CCND1 (Cyclin D1) Mantle cell lymphoma, Multiple myeloma
Amplification of CCND1 (cyclin D1) Breast and Esophageal cancers
amplification/point mutation of CDK4 (cyclin-dependent kinase) Glioblastoma, Melanoma, Sarcoma
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