Cells/Eukaryotic cells

Description

Cells in general and the organelles and functions of what are inside eukaryotic cells
Amy Gamble
Flashcards by Amy Gamble, updated more than 1 year ago
Amy Gamble
Created by Amy Gamble about 9 years ago
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Resource summary

Question Answer
All living things are made of what? Cells
what are the smallest units to be alive? Cells
What are the 2 biggest divisions of characteristics between cells? prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Compare a prokaryotic cell to an eukaryotic cell prokaryotic is small and simpler than the eukaryotes and they do not have a nucleus unlike the eukaryotes
What is the purpose of a cell wall? It gives the cell rigidity and strength
What are cell walls made of in plant cells and bacteria cells? Plant cells- cellulose Bacteria cells- Murein/mucopeptide/ peptidoglycan
What is the purpose of Cell membranes? 1.Separates the contents of the cell from the outside environment 2. Controls the entry and exit of materials/chemicals to and from the cell (Selectively permeable)
What is the purpose of Microvilli? Small finger like extensions of the cell membrane found in certain cells as in the epithelial cells of the intestine and kidney, where they increase the surface area for absorption of materials.
What is the purpose of Undulipodium (flagella or Cilia)? Long flexible tail in some cells used for motility. Extenstion of the cytoplasm, surrounded by a cell membrane Full of microtubules and motor proteins to make capable of complex swimming movements
What is the difference between flagellum and cilium? Flagella is usually longer than the cell, and there are usually only one or two of them Cilium are usually smaller and there are normally many of them Identical in structure
What is the purpose of Centrioles? Pair of short microtubules involved in cell division Before each division the centriole replicates itself and the two centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell, where they initiate the spindle that organised and separates chromosomes
What's the purpose of the Cytoskeleton? Network of protein fibres that extend throughout all eukaryotic cells Used for support, motility and transport
What is the purpose of Lymosomes? Small membrane bound vesicles formed from RER containing a cocktail of digestive enzymes Used to break down toxins, organelles, unwanted chemicals and even whole cells so materials can be recycled. Can fuse with a feeding vacuole to digest it's contents
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