34997616
Description
Flashcards by Thomas Woodcock, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Thomas Woodcock
over 2 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is the Ontological argument? | The Ontological argument is an argument for the existence of God created by Anselm of Canterbury and says that God is true by definition |
| Is the ontological argument deductive or inductive? | Deductive, as it is trying to reach a specific conclusion and prove the existence of God |
| What is poof of a claim? | 100% certainty, can't be wrong, necessary truth |
| Is the Ontological argument a priori or a posteriori? | It is a priori as it is true before experience |
| How did Anselm define God? | God is the greatest thing imaginable and that nothing greater can be imagined |
| What is the ontological argument as a syllogism? | 1. God is that which nothing can be conceived greater than 2. I can conceive of a God that exists in the mind 3. It is greater to exist in reality than just in the mind 4. As God is the greatest thing, he must exist in reality as well as the mind Conclusion. God exists |
| How did Guanilo respond to Anselm? | 1.The greatest island is that than which no island can be conceived greater 2. It is greater to exist in reality than just the mind alone 3.I can conceive of an island that exists in the mind alone 4. I can conceive of an island that exists in reality 5. the island that exists in reality is the greater of the two Conclusion. the greatest conceivable island exists in reality as well as the mind |
| How did Anselm try to prove that atheism contains a contradiction? | An atheist doesn't believe in God, but accepts that God is the greatest being conceivable, as this means God exists by definition, Atheism is a contradiction, this is an argumentum ad absurdum in which Anselm took his opponents believe into a contradiction |
| What was Anselm's response to Guanilo? | Everything apart from God exists contingently (like islands), God exists necessarily, God is the greatest thing to be conceived, I can conceive of a God that exists necessarily, I can conceive of a God that exists contingently, Existing necessarily is the greater of the two, ergo God exists necessarily |
| What are the two parts to a proposition? | A subject: the thing the claim is about A predicate: What is said about a thing |
| What is an analytic statement? | The truth of the predicate is contained within the subject |
| What is a synthetic proposition? | The truth of the predicate is not contained in the subject |
| What was Kant's first criticism of the ontological argument? | Analytic statements only refer to ideas, if 'god exists' is an analytic proposition, then it only concerns our idea of God, not whether he exists in reality |
| What was Kant's second criticism of the ontological argument? | Existence is not a predicate, adding 'exists to a description of a thing doesn't add any detail to it |
| How did Russell define existence? | 'exists' is shorthand for saying there is an example of this thing in the world |
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