Flashcards
Biochemistry Ch. 28 - DNA Replication
Cards in this deck (23)
- 1Semi-conservativeThe process of DNA replication. Each strand of original DNA is a template for a copy.
- 2Origins of ReplicationSpecific sites on chromosomes where DNA replication begins
- 3Replication ForksTwo "origins of replication" in bacteria containing double stranded, circular DNA
- 4Theta ReplicationDNA replication will begin in two separate directions from the replication forks until they meet and the new DNA is made
- 5DNA polymerasesEnzymes that make the phosphodiester bridges between DNA nucleotides
- 6What creates a new strand of DNA?DNA polymerases will use a template strand of DNA and make new one that is complimentary and anti-parallel
- 7DNA polymerase synthesizes in what direction?DNA polymerase synthesize DNA in the 5' to 3' end
- 8What is required for DNA polymerase to synthesize DNA?DNA polymerase requires a short strand of RNA to begin the process
- 9PrimerThe primase enzyme that synthesizes the short piece of RNA
- 10DNA polymerase IRemoves the primers and replaces the RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides
- 11DNA polymerase IIActs as a DNA repair enzyme; independent of the replication process
- 12DNA polymerase IIIsynthesizes the bulk (majority) of the new DNA
- 13DNA polymerase (y) gammaReplicates DNA in mitochondria
- 14The leading strandstrand of DNA that can be duplicated in a continuous fashion
- 15The Okazaki fragmentsFragments during the discontinuous process containing DNA and RNA
- 16The lagging strandthe second strand in which the DNA synthesis process is discontinuous and contains Okazaki fragments
- 17TelomeresSpecialized structures on the ends of chromosomes
- 18TelomerasesEnzymes that replicate these tips to prevent their loss
- 19Reverse transcriptaseRNA-directed DNA polymerase found in HIV
- 20RetrovirusesViruses that turn RNA to DNA
- 21Homologous recombinationExchange between similar sequences
of DNA among the homologous chromosomes during the meiosis
process. - 22Non-homologous recombinationRecombination of very different
DNA sequences between non-homologous chromosomes - 23Transposoninsertion of genetic information in a DNA molecule
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- Chemistry Flashcards on Biochemistry Ch. 28 - DNA Replication, created by Aja Jackson on 29/10/2022.
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