Flashcards
chem exam 2
Cards in this deck (70)
- 1principal quantum number(n), has integral values related to the size and energy of the orbital
- 2angular momentum quantum number(l), has integral values between 0 and n-1
- 3magnetic quantum number(m sub l), has integral values between -l and +l
- 4electron spin quantum number(m sub s), can be either +1/2 or -1/2
- 5cationelectron is removed from the valence shell
- 6anionelectron is added to the valence shell
- 7atomic radiusincreases as the periodic table moves to the left and down
- 8first ionization energyenergy needed to remove the outermost electron from a neutral atom; increases as the periodic table moves to the right and up
- 9electron affinitythe energy change when an electron is added to a gaseous atom; increases as the periodic table moves to the right and up
- 10electronegativityability of an atom to attract electron density within a bond; increases as the periodic table moves to the right and up
- 11ionic bondmetal and non-metal, electron moves from a metal to the non-metal, difference in electronegativity is higher than 2
- 12nonpolar covalent bond2 non-metals, electron density is equally shared, difference in electronegativity is less than .4
- 13polar covalent bond2 non-metals, electron density is shared unequally, difference in electronegativity is greater than .5
- 14creating Lewis structure1. find the amount of valence electrons, 2. find the amount of valence electrons needed to fill the shells, 3. determine amount of valence electrons needed to be shared, 4. determine bonds needed, 5. write the symbols and put the bonds in
- 15formal charge(valence electrons) - (lewis structure electrons)
- 16Lewis structure electronsfor each atom, count all unshared electrons and the number of bonds
- 17free radicalsmolecules or ions with an odd number of electrons, round down
- 18ammonium(NH4)+
- 19(CH3CO2)-acetate
- 20(CN)-cyanide
- 21(ClO)-hypochlorite
- 22(ClO2)-chlorite
- 23(ClO3)-chlorate
- 24(ClO4)-perchlorate
- 25(H2PO4)-dihydrogen phosphate
- 26(HCO3)-hydrogen carbonate
- 27(HSO4)-hydrogen sulfate
- 28(OH)-hydroxide
- 29(MnO4)-permanganate
- 30(NO2)-nitrite
- 31(NO3)-nitrate
- 32(CO3)2-carbonate
- 33(CrO4)2-chromate
- 34(Cr2O7)2-dichromate
- 35(O2)2-peroxide
- 36(HPO4)2-hydrogen phosphate
- 37(SO3)2-sulfite
- 38(SO4)2-sulfate
- 39(S2O3)2-thiosulfate
- 40(PO4)3-phosphate
- 41(Hg2)2+mercury (I)
- 42(NCS)-thiocyanate
- 43(C2O4)2-oxalate
- 44HFhydrofluoric acid
- 45HClhydrochloric acid
- 46HBrhydrobromic acid
- 47HIhydroiodic acid
- 48HCNhydrocyanic acid
- 49H2Shydrosulfuric acid
- 50HNO2nitrous acid
- 51HNO3nitric acid
- 52H2SO3sulfurous acid
- 53H2SO4sulfuric acid
- 54H3PO4phosphoric acid
- 55HC2H3O2acetic acid
- 56HClOhypochlorous acid
- 57HClOchlorous acid
- 58HClO3chloric acid
- 59HClO4perchloric acid
- 60how to determine ionic compoundsdetermine number of each ion based on known charges of groups
- 61how to determine transition metalsdetermine the charge on metal from roman numeral in the name
- 62VSPERvalence shell electron pair repulsion theory; electron groups repel each other
- 63how to determine the shape of a molecule/ion1. draw Lewis structure, 2. find central atoms (atoms connected to 2 or more atoms), 3. count all electron pairs on central atoms
- 64electron domain geometrytotal number of electron pairs
- 65molecular geometryhow many electron pairs are bonded and how many are unpaired
- 66linear electron domain2 regions; 180 degrees
- 67trigonal planar electron domain3 regions; 120 degrees
- 68tetrahedral4 regions; 109.5 degrees
- 69trigonal bipyramidal5 regions; 120 and 90 degrees
- 70octahedral6 regions; 90 degrees
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- Chemistry Flashcards on chem exam 2, created by Emily Runkle on 03/03/2025.
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- Emily Runkle
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