Flashcards
C1.3 Metals & their uses
Cards in this deck (19)
- 1Where are metals extracted from usually, and what state do you usually find them in?From the earth's crust, and usually chemically combined with another element (often oxygen)
- 2What's an ore?A rock with enough metal in it that it's economically viable to extract the metal.
- 3What is it when a element is found in it's native state?When the element is so unreactive that it hasn't reacted with another element. So you find it as an element. (e.g: Gold and Silver)
- 4What happens in displacement, and when do we use it?It's when a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from it's compound. We use it to displace metals which are less reactive than carbon (excluding titanium)
- 5What is the general formula for when a metal is chemically combined with oxygen and you want to displace it with carbon.Metal oxide-> Metal + Carbon dioxide
- 6What happens if the metal is more reactive than carbon?You use electrolysis.
- 7What do we call the removal of oxygen from a compound chemical reaction.Reduction
- 8What chemical reaction takes place in a blast furnace?Iron oxide + carbon-> Iron + carbon dioxide
- 9What is the most common alloy of iron? And give the three main types of this alloy. (3)Steel:
Low carbon -Easy to shape
High carbon - Very hard
Stainless - Doesn't corrode - 10What makes Aluminium and titanium so valuable and useful? (5)-They're strong
_They're light (low density)
-They don't erode easily.
-They're good conductors of energy and electricity
-They're malleable and ductile - 11What element(s) do you use you displace Titanium from it's compound?Either sodium or magnesium- because you can't use carbon because it reacts with it in a way that makes it brittle.
- 12Why does this make titanium (and aluminium) very expensive to extract?Because you must extract sodium or magnesium before hand using electrolysis (because they're more reactive than carbon)
-Both metals are using a lot of energy to extract them. - 13What are the two main ways of extracting copper from copper-rich ores?-Smelting-Heating it strongly in a furnace to produce crude copper.
-Mixing it with sulphuric acid before extracting the copper using oxygen:
Copper sulfide + oxygen-> Copper + sulphur dioxide. - 14What's the problem with mixing the copper with sulphuric acid and extracting it that way?It produces sulphur dioxide, which causes acid rain- so we have to neutralise it by using 'scrubbers' in factory chimneys.
- 15whats the displacement reaction that you could use instead of using oxygen (with the Copper sulfide)Copper sulfide + (scrap iron)->Iron sulphate + Copper
- 16Name two methods (and what they do) for extracting from low-grade copper ores-Bioleaching - Using bacteria to extract the copper, make a solution of copper ions.
-Phytomining - Plants adsorb the copper ions. Plants are burned and copper is extracted from the ashes. - 17What are the properties of transition metals? (2)-They're good conductors (energy&electricity)
-They're easily shaped - 18What are the alloys of copper?Bronze and Brass
- 19What are the disadvantages (to the environment) of extracting ores? (3)-Open cast mining = Destroys habitats.
-The water in the area can be effected by mining.
-Gases let off in the extraction of metal (Copper- sulphur dioxide)
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- GCSE Chemistry Flashcards on C1.3 Metals & their uses, created by Emily Treloar on 28/11/2015.
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