Flashcards
HU 103 Midterm
Cards in this deck (80)
- 1Minoans (3000-1700 BCE)Craftspeople, merchants, traders, sea faring
- 2Bull-leaping FrescoAncient Greek
1500 BCE
Rituals of blood and sacrifice by sport
Humans as challengers in a contest of physical agility - 3Priestess with Snake (Minoan)Ancient Greek
1600 BCE
Female holding snakes - 4Mycenaeans (1600-1200 BCE)Greek speaking tribes, warriors, and pirates
Absorbed Minoans
Warrior culture - 5Mask of Agamemnon (Mycenaean)Heroic Age (Ancient Greek)
1500 BCE
Funerary mask
Bound to mummified corpse
Preserved Identity of the dead for after life - 6Homer (Greek Myths)Iliad and Odyssey- oral traditions of epics
Rugged young culture
Quest for individual honor and glory - 7AretéHuman excellence
Bravery and skill in battle --> overall human excellence combining thought with action - 8HumanismBelief in human beings and their achievements
- 9Geometric PeriodAncient Greek
1200-700 BCE - 10Funerary Krater w/ Geometric DecorationAncient Greek
Classical Style
750 BCE
Warriors in chariots, deceased soldier - 11Geometric designsFlat, angular figures and complex geometric patterns
- 12Archaic PeriodAncient Greek
700-480 BCE - 13Classical PeriodAncient Greek
480-323 BCE
Realism and Idealism
Geometric Decoration
Mythology, Literature, Daily Life - 14Achilles and Ajax Playing Dice by ExekiasAncient Greek
Archaic Period
530 BCE
Warriors playing board game and dressed for battle
Competition in Roman culture - 15Black or Brown Figures
- 16—
- 17Red-figure on Black Background...
- 18Death of Sarpedon by Euphronios and Euxitheos (515)Fig 2.7
- 19Kouros Archaic Period (700-480 BCE)Fig 2.19
Rigid body
Archaic smile
Stance
Arms/hands - 20Kritios Boy (480 BCE)Slightly turned
No archaic smile
Human figure in motion
Transition to Classical - 21Discobolus by Myron (450 BCE) Classical Period (480-323 BCE)Discus thrower
Naturalism
Humanism
Areté - 22Doryphorus (Spear Bearer) by Polycleitus (450-440 BCE)- Classical PeriodFig 2.21
Ideal human proportions
Balance and restraint - 23Doric...
- 24Ionic....
- 25Corinthian...
- 26Greek Parthenon (488-432 BCE)Fig 2.23
Post and lintel construction
Doric columns
Balance, symmetry, simplicity - 27Hellenistic Period (336-30 BCE)Change from Greek city-states to Macedonian empire
Alexandria- center of Hellenistic culture - 28Dramatic, diagonal lines...
- 29Emotional realism (not balanced restraint)...
- 30Aphrodite of Knidos by Praxiteles (350-340 BCE)Fig 2.24
- 31Dying Gaul (225 BCE)...
- 32Laocoon and His Two Sons (150 BCE)Fig 2.38
- 33StatusCorrect Conduct (Honesty, faithfulness, respect)
Avoid Public Shame - 34Patrons had powerClients must defer and support their patron
- 35Mutual Obligations between patrons and clientsPatrons support clients in return
- 36Families in Roman LifeCenter of Roman society
Values were taught
Determine who owned property - 37Status for women changed over time in Roman life509 BCE-supervised by husbands and fathers
27 BCE- improves during Republic
Own and keep property if divorced
Marry those of choice
Contract business and wills - 38Roman ReligionParallel to Greek system
(Jupiter=Zeus,Juno=Hera,Minerva=Athena)
Not concerned with human morality - 39Spartacus (73 BCE) Late Republic EraLed gladiators in violent uprising
Ravaged southern Italy
6000 slaves crucified - 40Influence of Greek cultureRomans spread Greek culture
Greek art
Humanist views of Greeks - 41Octavian (Augustus Caesar) 27 BCEAppearance of republicanism
Roman Empire
Universalism within Empire
Pax Romana - 42Pax Romana200 Years of Peaceful Rule
Based on law for all citizens
Civil organization
Fewer Slaves - 43Epic...
- 44Vergil (70-19 BCE)Greatest Roman poet
Epic tradition
Influenced by Epicureans and Stoics
Life devoted to the Aeneid - 45The AeneidStory of Rome
Roman characters and virtues
Aeneas' wandering (similar to Odyssey)
Aeneas' battles (similar to Iliad) - 46HydraulisA large organ-like instrument
Used when early Christians were executed - 47Augustus of PrimaportaFig 3.4
- 48Trajan's ColumnFig 3.14
- 49Mosaic of WomanFig 3.18
- 50Pont du Gard AquaductFig 3.6
- 51Aquae Sulis (Bath, England)Religious site at mineral spring
Romans built a temple for worship and healing
Goddess of Sulis Minerva
Romans went for treatment - 52Sulis MinervaRoman Goddess of Bath
- 53Ethical Monotheismbelief in one god and in ethical system of values/actions; right and wrong identified
- 54Hebrew Decalogue JewishFiero 93
- 55Covenant JewishContract with God to be "the chosen people"
*Jews* - 56Liturgy JewishFiero 95
- 57Cantor Jewishworship leader, chants/sings
- 58Responsorial Style JewishCantor leads and people respond
- 59Antiphonal Style Jewishcantor and people sing alternate verses
- 60Monophonic Jewishone melody line
- 61Sermon on the Mount ChirstianityFiero 99
- 62Influence of Saul Tarsus (Paul 5-67 CE) ChristianityEarly Christianity
Educated Jew
Initially persecuted Jesus' followers
Conversion experience and became Christian missionary - 63New Testament ChristianityJesus' life and his teachings
Matthew, Mark, Luke, John - 64Allah IslamYHWH/God
- 65Muslim Islam"one who surrenders"
followers of Islamic religion - 66Islam"submission to Allah"
- 67Umma IslamCommunity of believers
- 68HegiraMuhammad's flight to Medina in 622
Beginning of the Muslim calendar - 69Qur'an Islam"recitation"
Holy Book of Islam - 70Muhammad (570-632 CE)Called to be Allah's prophet
- 71Jihad Islam"striving"; war and self-control
- 72Five Pillars of IslamProclaim Allah is the one, true God and Muhammad is his messenger
Pray 5 times a day facing Mecca
Give alms to poor and Islamic government
Fast during month of Ramadan
Make pilgrimage to Mecca - 73Hadith IslamMuslim reports of Muhammad after his death
- 74Sharia IslamCode of ethical conduct
- 75How does the mosaic of the Ark of the Covenant (4.3) reflect values of the Hebrew people?...
- 76Compare the mosaic Jesus Calling the First Apostles, Peter and Andrew, (4.16) The Good Shepherd (sculpture ) (4.5) and Christ as Good Shepherd (4.8) in terms of subject & style....
- 77Compare the interior of the Hagia Sophia (4.1) with the courtyard of the Great Mosque of Cordoba (4.21) How do they reflect different values?...
- 78Discuss Kufic calligraphy (4.19) & the Niche (4.20). What values of Islam do they reflect?...
- 79FrescoFiero 103
- 80—