476060
Description
Flashcards by gina_evans0312, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by gina_evans0312
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
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Image:
Apex (image/jpg)
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Apex of heart |
| Pericardium | Three layers of membrane covering the heart |
| Use of apex | Normally felt beating between 4th & 5th ribs- lower and it's enlarged |
| Visceral Pericardium | Layer closest to heart- cannot be removed |
| Pericardial Cavity | Space between visceral and parietal pericardium (for lubrication) |
| Parietal Pericardium | Middle layer |
| Fibrous Pericardium | Outer layer |
| Role of Apex | Should be felt between 4th & 5th rib- any lower and it's enlarged |
| Visceral Pericardium | Innermost layer- cannot be removed |
| Pericardial Cavity | Between visceral and parietal pericardia- for lubrication of beating |
| Parietal Pericardium | Middle membrane |
| Fibrous Pericardium | Outermost membrane |
| Role of Fibrous Pericardium | Prevents heart expanding & increases pumping effectiveness |
| Pericarditis | Infection of the pericardium- disrupts blood pumping |
| Pericardial Pain is caused by... | Somatic afferent nerves from parietal layer- carried to phrenic nerve |
| Atrial Layer | Thing & smooth |
| Ventricular Muscle | Very thick |
| Endocardium | Lies inside heart over muscle layer |
| Semilunar Valves | 3 cups to prevent backflow, found in arteries |
| Mitral Valve | Left Side |
| Tricuspid Valce | Right |
| Mitral/Tricuspid Valves are controlled by | Papillary muscle- attach to valves by chorda tendonae |
| Coronary Arteries | 2- left & right |
| Origin of Coronary Arteries | Aorta |
| Angina | Heart pain-sympton of a blockage |
| Infarction | Muscle begins to die due to lack of blood- dull, crushing pain |
| Infarction Referred Pain | Supplied by visceral nerves, so can happen |
| Stenting | Inflation of blocked area using wire mesh |
| Bypass | Take vein/artery from elsewhere and use it to bypass the blockage |
| Bypass- Vessel used | Radial artery- as ulnar artery can supply hand on its own |
| Mediastinum | Thoracic cavity that lies between the lungs |
| Superior/Inferior Mediastinum | Divided by imaginary line between T4 & T5 |
| Anterior Mediastinum | In front of heart |
| Posterior Mediastinum | Behind heart |
| Boundary of Mediastinum- Upper | T1 rib |
| Boundary of Mediastinum- Posterior | T1-T12 Vertibra |
| Boundary of Mediastinum- Anterior | Sternum |
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