Environmental Law

Question	Answer
What is Sustainable Development?	"Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs."
What are the main green house gases?	Carbon Dioxide methane Dinitrogen (Nitrous) oxide (N2O) Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) Perfluorocarbons (PFC') Sulphur Hexafluroide (SF6)
What does green house gases do?	Absorbs the sun's energy and cause the planet to warm up
What raised the Greenhouse Gases level?	Naturally found in environment bu t Artificially increased by emissions from vehicles, electricity generation and industry.
What are the environmental matters of concern?	4 Pollution which are: Air Noise Water Waste
How many treaty provisions are there for environmental laws	3 and they are: Article 3 Article 11 Article 191
What is Article 3?	The Union shall work for the sustainable development of Europe based on balanced economic growth and price stability, a highly competitive social market economy, aiming at full employment and social progress, and a high level of protection and improvement of the quality of the environment.
What is Article 11?	Environmental protection requirements must be integrated into the definition and implementation of the Union’s policies and activities, in particular with a view to promoting sustainable development
What is Article 191	Union policy on the environment shall contribute to pursuit of the following objectives: 1)preserving, protecting and improving the quality of the environment, 2) protecting human health, 3) prudent and rational utilisation of natural resources, 4) promoting measures at international level to deal with regional or worldwide environmental problems, and in particular combating climate change.
What are the industrial activities which cause air pollution?	Fumes from complex industrial processes and Transport
What are the domestic activities which cause air pollution?	Light a fire Driving a car Using spray deodorant Outdoor heating
Carbon Dioxide disadvantages?	It remains in the atmosphere for a century Case Study = Massachusetts v EPA 2007 127 S Ct 1438
EU Directives for Environment Law	Ambient Air Quality National Emission Ceilings Industrial Emissions Solvent Emission Petrol Vapour Recovery Sulphur Content of Liquid Fuels
What does National Emissions Ceiling Directives do?	Sets ceilings for each Member State for emissions of ammonia, oxides of nitrogen, sulphur dioxide and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
What are the four pollutants responsible for?	Acidification Eutrophication Ground Level Ozone
What does the UK National Air Strategy do?	Sets out domestic policy for improvement and maintenance of air quality. They also set the local quality management system for local authorities to monitor air quality in their areas against statutory objectives.
What do the National Air Strategy Require from local authorities?	Local authorities are required to take action if local air quality fails to meet statutory objectives.
What are the two limit values for NO2 for the protection of human health?	1) Annual mean concentration levels of NO2 do not exceed 40μg/m3; and 2) Hourly mean concentration levels of NO2 do not exceed 200μg/m3 more than 18 times a calendar year.
What is integrated Pollution Prevention and Control	Pollution Prevention and Control (PPC) is a regulatory regime for controlling pollution from certain industrial activities.
What is PPC and which framework has it been incorporated into and when?	Pollution Prevent and Control PPC has been incorporated into the Environmental Permitting Regulations. 6 April 2008
What does BAT stand for?	Best Available Technique
What is Best Available Technique	‘The most effective and advanced stage in the development of activities and their methods of operation which indicates the practicable suitability of particular techniques for providing the basis for emission limit values designed to prevent, and where that is not practicable, generally to reduce the emissions and the impact on the environment as a whole'.
What does Best Mean?	‘Best’ means the most effective method to achieve a high general level of protection of the environment as a whole
What are the general categories included in integrated pollution prevention and control?	> energy industries >production and processing of metals > mineral industry > chemical industry > waste management > other activities eg: plant producing pulp and paper pre treatment of dying of fibres or textiles
Why has the industrial Emission directive been implemented?	Implemented as an amendment to the environmental permitting regulations
What Statutory Nuisance	1; Smoke emitted from premises 2; fumes or gases from private dwellings 3; dust steam smell 4; Accumulation or deposit 5; animals 6; Noise
What does Prejudicial to Health mean?	Means Injurious or likely to cause injury to health

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	Created by Hudeyfa Hassan about 8 years ago