Flashcards
evolution
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- 1State Darwin's theory of natural selectionDarwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection states that all species of living things have evolved from simple life forms that first developed more than
three billion years ago. - 2Why was the theory of evolution by natural selection only gradually accepted■ the theory challenged the idea that God made all the animals and plants that live on Earth
■ there was insufficient evidence at the time the theory was published to convince many scientists
■ the mechanism of inheritance and variation was not known until 50 years after the theory was published. - 3What was Lamarck's theoryOther theories, including that of Lamarck, are based mainly on the idea that changes that occur in an
organism during its lifetime can be inherited. We now know that in the vast majority of cases this type of
inheritance cannot occur. - 4Explain how natural selection works■ individual organisms within a particular species may show variation because of differences in their genes
■ individuals with characteristics most suited to the environment are more likely to survive to breed successfully
■ the genes that have enabled these individuals to survive are then passed on to the next generation. - 5what is meant by the term speciesspecies are organisms which look very similar to each other and can interbreed to produce fertile offspring
- 6suggest 3 factors that may affect the distribution of organisms in an area1. climate may change
2. new predator may move in
3. new competitor for food may arrive
4. new disease
5. loss of habitat - 7why do biologists draw evolutionary treesthey show the relationship between organisms and whether they had common ancestors
- 8what are the main kingdoms of living thingsanimals , plants and microorganisms
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